Parathyroid disorders

Parathyroid disorders
Overview
Classification Hyperparathyroidism Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Hypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Diagnosis
Differentiating Parathyroid Disorders

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]

Synonyms and keywords:

Classification

Parathyroid disorders

Hyperparathyroidism

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

Hypoparathyroidism

Parathyroid hormone resistance diseases

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

Post-surgical

Autoimmune

Genetic defects associated

Functional

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Acrodysostosis

Blomstrand chondrodysplasia

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2

Acrodysostosis type 1

Acrodysostosis type 2

Type 1A

Type 1B

Type 1C

Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism

Diagnosis

Disorder		Laboratory findings
		Parathyroid hormone	Serum calcium	Serum phosphate	Other findings
Hyperparathyroidism	Primary hyperparathyroidism	↑	↑	↓/Normal	Normal/↑ calcitriol
	Secondary hyperparathyroidism	↑	↓/Normal	↑	--
	Tertiary hyperparathyroidism	↑	↑	↑	--
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia		Normal/↑	Normal/↑	--	↓ Urinary calcium/creatinine clearance ratio
Hypoparathyroidism		↓	↓	↑	↓ 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D Normal urinary cAMP Normal urinary phosphate
Pseudohypoparathyroidism	Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A	↑	↓	↑	↓ 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D ↓ Urinary cAMP ↓ Urinary phosphate
	Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B	↑	↓	↑	↓ 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D ↓ Urinary cAMP ↓ Urinary phosphate
	Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1C	↑	↓	↑	↓ 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D ↓ Urinary cAMP ↓ Urinary phosphate
	Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism	↑	↓	↑	↓ ↓ 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D Normal urinary cAMP ↓ Urinary phosphate
	Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 2	Normal	Normal	Normal	--
Acrodysostosis	Acrodysostosis type 1	↑	↓	↑	Multiple hormone resistance
	Acrodysostosis type 2	↑	↓	↑	Multiple hormone resistance
Blomstrand chondrodysplasia		↑	↓	↑	↓ Urinary phosphate ↑ Urinary cAMP

Differentiating Parathyroid Disorders

• Parathyroid disorders usually cause an symptoms due to derangement in serum calcium. So, parathyroid disorders are differentiated within themselves and others on the basis of serum calcium levels.

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