Oliguria: Difference between revisions

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Overview
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Epidemiology and Demographics
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History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
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CT
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Case #1
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Latest revision as of 13:49, 11 June 2015

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click here

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Oliguria from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case#1

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+'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
-'''For patient information page click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
+{{Template:Oliguria}}
 {{CMG}}
+<br><br>'''To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click [[Urine#Algorithm of Common Urinary Findings|here]]'''<br>
+==[[Oliguria overview|Overview]]==
-{{SK}} Decreased urine output; reduced urine output
+==[[Oliguria historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-==Overview==
-'''Oliguria''' and '''anuria''' are the decreased or absent production of [[urine]], respectively.
-Oliguria is defined as a urine output that is less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants, less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children, and less than 400 mL/day (equals 17mL/hour) in adults.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Klahr S, Miller S | title = Acute oliguria. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 338 | issue = 10 | pages = 671-5 | year = 1998 | id = PMID 9486997}} [http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/338/10/671 Free Full Text].</ref>
+==[[Oliguria classification|Classification]]==
-==Causes==
+==[[Oliguria pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-The mechanisms causing oliguria can be divided into several categories:
-===Prerenal===
+==[[Oliguria causes|Causes]]==
-In response to [[hypoperfusion]] of the kidney (e.g. as a result of [[dehydration]] by poor oral intake, [[diarrhea]], massive [[bleeding]] or [[sepsis]])
-===Renal===
+==[[Oliguria differential diagnosis|Differentiating Oliguria from other Diseases]]==
-Due to kidney damage (severe [[hypoperfusion]], [[rhabdomyolysis]], [[medication]])
-===Postrenal===
+==[[Oliguria epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
-As a consequence of obstruction of the urine flow (e.g. [[enlarged prostate]], tumor compression urinary outflow, expanding [[hematoma]] or fluid collection)
-The decreased production of urine may be a sign of [[dehydration]], [[renal failure]] or [[urinary obstruction]]/[[urinary retention]].
+==[[Oliguria risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
-===Postoperative Oliguria===
+==[[Oliguria natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-Patients usually have a decrease in urine output after a major operation that may be a normal physiological response to:
-* Fluid/blood loss – decreased glomerular filtration rate secondary to [[hypovolemia]] and/or [[hypotension]]
-* Response of adrenal cortex to stress -increase in [[aldosterone]] (Na and water retention) and [[antidiuretic hormone]] (ADH) release
-===Oliguria in Infants===
-Oliguria, when defined as less than 1 mL/kg/h, in [[infant]]s is not considered to be a reliable sign of renal failure.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Arant B | title = Postnatal development of renal function during the first year of life. | journal = Pediatr Nephrol | volume = 1 | issue = 3 | pages = 308-13 | year = 1987 | id = PMID 3153294}}</ref>
-==Risk Factors==
-Patients having any of the conditions mentioned in the causes are at risk of oliguria.
-==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
-Although a significant decrease in urine output may indicate a serious, even life-threatening condition, adequate urine output can be restored with prompt medical treatment.
 ==Diagnosis==
-===History and Symptoms===
+[[Oliguria history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Oliguria physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Oliguria laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Oliguria CT|CT]] | [[Oliguria other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Oliguria other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-History of
-* Time pattern
-**When did this begin?
-**Did it occur suddenly?
-**Has it rapidly become worse?
-* Quality
-**How much do you drink each day?
-**Does drinking more increase your urine output?
-**How much urine do you produce each day?
-**What color is the [[urine]]?
-* Aggravating factors
-**Has there been fever?
-**Has there been [[diarrhea]]?
-**Has there been [[vomiting]]? With or without [[nausea]]?
-**Is thirst decreased?
-**What other symptoms do you have?
-* Other
-**What medications do you take?
-**Do you have any [[allergies]]?
-**Do you have access to adequate fluids?
-* Medical history
-**Have you had any recent injuries such as [[burns]]?
-**Have you been sick?
-**Do you have a history of a problem with your [[kidney]]s or [[bladder]]?
-===Laboratory Findings===
-* Blood studies to monitor [[electrolyte]]s and kidney function.
-* Urine tests, including tests for [[infection]].
 ==Treatment==
-===Medical Therapy===
+[[Oliguria medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] |  [[Oliguria surgery|Surgery]] | [[Oliguria primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Oliguria secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Oliguria cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Oliguria future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-It mainly depends on the cause
-*Home Care
-*Follow prescribed fluid regimens and measure urine output as directed.
-===Primary Prevention===
-Prevention depends on the underlying cause.
-==References==
+==Case Studies==
-{{reflist|2}}
+[[Oliguria case study one|Case#1]]
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-[[pt:Oligúria]]
-[[sk:Anúria]]
-[[sl:Oligurija]]
-[[zh:寡尿]]
+{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
+{{WikiDoc Sources}}
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 [[Category:Nephrology]]
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
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Oliguria: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 13:49, 11 June 2015

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