Novel human coronavirus infection: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
m (Changes made per Mahshid's request)
 
(79 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 9: Line 9:
| genus = '''''Coronavirus'''''
| genus = '''''Coronavirus'''''
}}
}}
{{SI}}
{{Novel human coronavirus infection}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}}


==Overview==
{{SK}} Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012; novel coronavirus
This is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans.
==Historical Perspective==
The virus first emerged in the Middle East, and was discovered on September 2012 in a Qatari patient who had recently traveled to Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nebehay|first=Stephanie|title=WHO issues guidance on new virus, gears up for haj|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2012/09/26/health-virus-idINL5E8KQ9GL20120926|accessdate=27 September 2012|newspaper=Reuters|date=26 September 2012}}</ref> He is being treated for the [[respiratory disease]], which has led to [[renal failure]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Falco|first=Miriam|title=New SARS-like virus poses medical mystery|url=http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com/2012/09/24/new-sars-like-virus-poses-medical-mystery/|accessdate=27 September 2012|newspaper=CNN|date=24 September 2012}}</ref>  The first known case was a Saudi Arabian who died in early 2012. The [[World Health Organisation]] (WHO) announced that it is "engaged in further characterizing the novel coronavirus" and that it has "immediately alerted all its Member States about the virus and has been leading the coordination and providing guidance to health authorities and technical health agencies."<ref>{{cite web|title=Novel coronavirus infection|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2012_09_25/en/index.html|publisher=World Health Organisation|date=25 September 2012|accessdate=27 September 2012}}</ref> The United Kingdom's [[Health Protection Agency]] is working on the genetic sequence of the virus, based on the sequence obtained from the Qatari case.<ref>{{cite news|title=How threatening is the new coronavirus?|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-19699677|accessdate=27 September 2012|newspaper=BBC|date=24 September 2012}}</ref> Virologist Ron Fouchier has speculated that the virus might originate from bats.<ref>{{cite news|last=Doucleff|first=Michaeleen|title=Holy Bat Virus! Genome Hints At Origin Of SARS-Like Virus|url=http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/09/28/161944734/holy-bat-virus-genome-hints-at-origin-of-sars-like-virus|accessdate=29 September 2012|newspaper=NPR|date=28 September 2012}}</ref>


Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health was concerned that the virus might affect the October 2012 [[Hajj]], the Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, as Muslims making the Hajj may have been infected.<ref>{{cite news|last=Moisse|first=Katie|title=Saudi Health Officials Brace for Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/sars-virus-added-list-hajj-health-risks/story?id=17331279#.UGRAhhHLy5I|accessdate=27 September 2012|newspaper=ABC News|date=27 September 2012}}</ref>
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection overview|Overview]]==


Following the high-profile publicity of SARS outbreaks, there has been a renewed interest in coronaviruses in the field of [[virology]]. For many years, scientists knew only about the existence of two human coronaviruses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43). The discovery of SARS-CoV added another human coronavirus to the list. By the end of 2004, three independent research labs reported the discovery of a fourth human coronavirus. It has been named NL63, NL or the New Haven coronavirus by the different research groups.<ref>{{cite journal | author=van der Hoek L, Pyrc K, Jebbink MF, ''et al.'' | title=Identification of a new human coronavirus | doi= 10.1038/nm1024 | journal=Nat Med | year=2004 | volume=10 | issue=4 | pages=368&ndash;73 }}</ref> The naming of this fourth coronavirus is still a controversial issue, because the three labs are still battling over who actually discovered the virus first and hence earns the right to name the virus. Early in 2005, a research team at the University of Hong Kong reported finding a fifth human coronavirus in two [[pneumonia]] patients, and subsequently named it [[HKU1]].
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==Classification==
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection classification|Classification]]==
===Human Coronaviruses===


*HCoV-229E
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
*HCoV-OC43
*SARS-CoV
*NL63/NL/New Haven coronavirus
*HKU1-CoV
*HCoV-EMC
*Novel Coronavirus 2012


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection causes|Causes]]==
As of November 30, 2012, nine laboratory confirmed cases have been reported to WHO - five from Saudi Arabia, two from Qatar, and two from Jordan. The onset of illness was between April - November 2012. Among the nine cases, five were fatal. Based on available information, the clinical picture consists of febrile illness and pneumonia.<ref name="urlCDC - Coronavirus - Case Definitions and Guidance Novel Coronavirus">{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/ncv/case-def.html#guidance |title=CDC - Coronavirus - Case Definitions and Guidance Novel Coronavirus |format= |work= |accessdate=2012-12-28}}</ref>
 
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection differential diagnosis|Differentiating Novel Human Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases]]==
 
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Novel human coronavirus infection natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 
==Diagnosis==
 
[[Novel human coronavirus infection case definitions|Case Definitions]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 
==Treatment==
 
[[Novel human coronavirus infection medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Novel human coronavirus infection future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
==Case Studies==
[[Novel human coronavirus infection case study one|Case #1]]
==Related Chapters==
* [[SARS]]
* [[Coronavirus]]


Five cases were associated with two clusters. The first cluster of two cases, both fatal, occurred near Amman, Jordan, in April 2012. Stored samples from these two cases tested positive retrospectively for the novel coronavirus. This cluster was  temporally associated with cases of illness among workers in a hospital. A second cluster occurred in October, 2012, in Saudi Arabia. Of the four individuals in the household, three were laboratory confirmed cases, two of them died.
==External Links==
==External Links==
* [http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/faq_dec12/en/index.html WHO FAQ Sheet]
* [http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/faq_dec12/en/index.html WHO FAQ Sheet]
Line 42: Line 53:
* [http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/ncv/index.html CDC Fact Sheet]
* [http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/ncv/index.html CDC Fact Sheet]


==References==
 
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[category:disease]]
[[category:virology]]

Latest revision as of 18:13, 18 September 2017

Coronavirus

Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order: Nidovirales
Family: Coronaviridae
Genus: Coronavirus

Novel Human Coronavirus Infection Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Novel Human Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Case Definitions

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Novel human coronavirus infection On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Novel human coronavirus infection

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Novel human coronavirus infection

CDC on Novel human coronavirus infection

Novel human coronavirus infection in the news

Blogs on Novel human coronavirus infection

Directions to Hospitals Treating Novel human coronavirus infection

Risk calculators and risk factors for Novel human coronavirus infection

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012; novel coronavirus

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Novel Human Coronavirus Infection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Case Definitions | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

External Links


Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Novel_human_coronavirus_infection&oldid=1357927"