Mumps primary prevention: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
Line 4: Line 4:


==Overview==
==Overview==
Mumps can be prevented with MMR vaccine. The United States is replacing MMR with the MMRV vaccine, which also protects against [[chickenpox]]. A single dose is on average 78% effective at preventing mumps while 2 doses is on average 88% effective. In general all age groups should receive 2 doses of MMR or MMRV vaccine unless an individual has evidence of immunity. The vaccine is contraindicated in pregnant women, individuals with egg or neomycin allergies and immune-compromised or severely immune-suppressed individuals.


==Primary Prevention==
==Primary Prevention==
*Mumps can be prevented with MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine.<ref name="CDCMumps">Mumps Vaccination. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (May 29, 2015). http://www.cdc.gov/mumps/vaccination.html Accessed March 15, 2016.</ref>
*Mumps can be prevented with MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine.<ref name="CDCMumps">Mumps Vaccination. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (May 29, 2015). http://www.cdc.gov/mumps/vaccination.html Accessed March 15, 2016.</ref>
:*2 doses of vaccine is 88% (range 66-95%) effective
:*2 doses of vaccine is 88% (range 66-95%) effective
:*2 doses of vaccine is 78% (range 49-92%) effective
:*1 dose of vaccine is 78% (range 49-92%) effective
*Multiple vaccine strains exist:<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Clin Infect Dis|year=2007|volume=45|pages=459&ndash;66|title=Mumps outbreaks in Canada and the United States: Time for new thinking on mumps vaccines|author=Peltola H, Kulkarni PS, Kapre SV, Paunio M, Jadhav SS, Dhere RM|url=http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/CID/journal/issues/v45n4/50311/50311.html}}</ref>
*Multiple vaccine strains exist:<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Clin Infect Dis|year=2007|volume=45|pages=459&ndash;66|title=Mumps outbreaks in Canada and the United States: Time for new thinking on mumps vaccines|author=Peltola H, Kulkarni PS, Kapre SV, Paunio M, Jadhav SS, Dhere RM|url=http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/CID/journal/issues/v45n4/50311/50311.html}}</ref>
:*The Jeryl Lynn strain is most commonly used in developed countries, but has been shown to have reduced efficacy in epidemic situations.
:*The Jeryl Lynn strain is most commonly used in developed countries, but has been shown to have reduced efficacy in epidemic situations.
:*The Leningrad-Zagreb strain is commonly used in developing countries, but appears to have superior efficacy in epidemic situations.
:*The Leningrad-Zagreb strain is commonly used in developing countries, but appears to have superior efficacy in epidemic situations.
*In the US, MMR is now being supplanted by MMRV, which adds protection against [[Chickenpox]].
*In the US, MMR is now being supplanted by MMRV, which adds protection against [[chickenpox]].


===Vaccine Contraindications===
===Vaccine Contraindications===
Line 20: Line 21:
:*Sever egg allergy - children with mild egg allergies can be vaccinated but should be monitored for 20 minutes after receipt
:*Sever egg allergy - children with mild egg allergies can be vaccinated but should be monitored for 20 minutes after receipt
:*Neomycin
:*Neomycin
*Children who are severely immune-compromised or immune-suppressed
*Children who are immune-compromised or severely immune-suppressed
:*[[HIV]]-positive children who are NOT immune-compromised should still receive MMR vaccination.
:*[[HIV]]-positive children who are NOT immune-compromised should still receive MMR vaccination.



Revision as of 19:10, 15 March 2016

Mumps Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Mumps from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

CT

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Mumps primary prevention On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Mumps primary prevention

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Mumps primary prevention

CDC on Mumps primary prevention

Mumps primary prevention in the news

Blogs on Mumps primary prevention

Directions to Hospitals Treating Mumps

Risk calculators and risk factors for Mumps primary prevention

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.

Overview

Mumps can be prevented with MMR vaccine. The United States is replacing MMR with the MMRV vaccine, which also protects against chickenpox. A single dose is on average 78% effective at preventing mumps while 2 doses is on average 88% effective. In general all age groups should receive 2 doses of MMR or MMRV vaccine unless an individual has evidence of immunity. The vaccine is contraindicated in pregnant women, individuals with egg or neomycin allergies and immune-compromised or severely immune-suppressed individuals.

Primary Prevention

  • Mumps can be prevented with MMR (measles-mumps-rubella) vaccine.[1]
  • 2 doses of vaccine is 88% (range 66-95%) effective
  • 1 dose of vaccine is 78% (range 49-92%) effective
  • Multiple vaccine strains exist:[2]
  • The Jeryl Lynn strain is most commonly used in developed countries, but has been shown to have reduced efficacy in epidemic situations.
  • The Leningrad-Zagreb strain is commonly used in developing countries, but appears to have superior efficacy in epidemic situations.
  • In the US, MMR is now being supplanted by MMRV, which adds protection against chickenpox.

Vaccine Contraindications

  • Women who are pregnant[3]
  • Women are recommended to avoid pregnancy for 3 months after vaccination
  • People with the following allergies:
  • Sever egg allergy - children with mild egg allergies can be vaccinated but should be monitored for 20 minutes after receipt
  • Neomycin
  • Children who are immune-compromised or severely immune-suppressed
  • HIV-positive children who are NOT immune-compromised should still receive MMR vaccination.

CDC Vaccination Recommendations

Children

  • Children should receive 2 doses of MMR vaccine:[1]
  • First dose at 12 - 15 months of age
  • Second dose at 4 - 6 years of age
  • Children can receive the second dose earlier as long as it is at least 28 days after the first dose

Post-High School Students

  • Students at post-high school educational institutions, such as college, trade schools, and training programs, who do not have evidence of immunity (protection) against mumps need two doses of MMR vaccine, separated by at least 28 days.

Adults

  • People who are born during or after 1957 who do not have evidence of immunity against mumps should get at least one dose of MMR vaccine.

International Travelers

  • Children 12 months of age or older should have two doses of MMR vaccine, separated by at least 28 days.
  • Teenagers and adults without evidence of immunity to mumps should have two doses of MMR vaccine, separated by at least 28 days.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Mumps Vaccination. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (May 29, 2015). http://www.cdc.gov/mumps/vaccination.html Accessed March 15, 2016.
  2. Peltola H, Kulkarni PS, Kapre SV, Paunio M, Jadhav SS, Dhere RM (2007). "Mumps outbreaks in Canada and the United States: Time for new thinking on mumps vaccines". Clin Infect Dis. 45: 459&ndash, 66.
  3. Galazka AM, Robertson SE, Kraigher A (1999). "Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review". Bull World Health Organ. 77 (1): 3–14. PMC 2557572. PMID 10063655.


Template:WikiDoc Sources