Microstomia

WikiDoc Resources for Microstomia
Articles
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Evidence Based Medicine
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Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Microstomia at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Microstomia Clinical Trials on Microstomia at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
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News
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Commentary
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Definitions
Definitions of Microstomia
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Microstomia Discussion groups on Microstomia Patient Handouts on Microstomia Directions to Hospitals Treating Microstomia Risk calculators and risk factors for Microstomia
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Microstomia (micro- a combining form meaning small + -stomia a combining form meaning mouth = (abnormally) "small mouth") is a clinical feature of many craniofacial syndromes, including Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and Sheldon-Hall syndromes (or distal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita). It may present with whistling-face feature, as well, as in Freeman-Sheldon syndrome. In this syndrome, it impairs alimentation and may require oral commissurotomies, with subsequent revisions, to improve function.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

There are no causes of microstomia that are life-threatening.

Common Causes

• Fine-Lubinsky syndrome
• Fryns-van den Berghe syndrome
• Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS)
• Velocardiofacial syndrome
• Amyotrophy, hereditary neuralgic
• Freeman-Sheldon syndrome
• Micrognathia with peromelia
• Velocardiofacial syndrome
• Burton syndrome
• Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Hallopeau-Siemens type
• Fibrochondrogenesis
• Hennekam syndrome
• Schwartz-Jampel-Aberfeld syndrome

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	Chemical burn, Electrical burn, Orofacial burns
Dental	Lip resection, Micrognathia with peromelia, Oral surgery, Whistling baby syndrome
Dermatologic	Restrictive dermopathy
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	Oro-palatal dysplasia
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Auriculo-condylar syndrome, Burton syndrome, Craniocarpotarsal dysplasia, Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Fibrochondrogenesis, Fine-lubinsky syndrome, Freeman-sheldon syndrome, Fryns-van den berghe syndrome, Hallermann-streiff syndrome (hss), Hennekam syndrome, Leopard syndrome, Micrognathia with peromelia, Mobius syndrome, Onat syndrome, Oro-palatal dysplasia, Otocephaly-dysgnathia complex, Restrictive dermopathy, Schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome, Whistling baby syndrome
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	Lip resection, Oral surgery, Radiotherapy
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Amyotrophy
Neurologic	Down syndrome, Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, Velocardiofacial syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Crest syndrome
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Chemical burn, Electrical burn, Orofacial burns, Physical trauma
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Amyotrophy
• Auriculo-condylar syndrome
• Burton syndrome
• Chemical burn
• Craniocarpotarsal dysplasia
• Crest syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Electrical burn
• Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica
• Fibrochondrogenesis
• Fine-lubinsky syndrome
• Freeman-sheldon syndrome
• Fryns-van den berghe syndrome
• Hallermann-streiff syndrome (hss)
• Hennekam syndrome
• Leopard syndrome
• Lip resection
• Micrognathia with peromelia
• Mobius syndrome
• Onat syndrome
• Oral surgery
• Orofacial burns
• Oro-palatal dysplasia
• Otocephaly-dysgnathia complex
• Physical trauma
• Radiotherapy
• Restrictive dermopathy
• Schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome
• Velocardiofacial syndrome
• Whistling baby syndrome

References

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