|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Drugbox|
| |
| |IUPAC_name = <small>(<i>S</i>)-2,6-diamino-N-[(<i>S</i>)-1-phenylpropan-2-yl]hexanamide</small>
| |
| | image=Lisdexamfetamine.png
| |
| | width=192px
| |
| | CAS_number= 608137-32-2
| |
| | ATC_prefix=
| |
| | ATC_suffix=
| |
| | PubChem= 11597697
| |
| | DrugBank=
| |
| | C=15 | H=25 | N=3 | O=1
| |
| | molecular_weight = 263.378 g/mol
| |
| | bioavailability=
| |
| | metabolism = Hepatic
| |
| | elimination_half-life= < 1 hour ([[prodrug]] molecule)
| |
| | excretion = Renal: ~2%
| |
| | pregnancy_category = C
| |
| | legal_US = Schedule II
| |
| | legal_status =
| |
| | routes_of_administration= Oral
| |
| }}
| |
| '''Lisdexamfetamine''' (<small>L</small>-lysine-d-amphetamine) is a [[prodrug]] consisting of the [[psychostimulant]] [[dextroamphetamine|d-amphetamine]] coupled with the [[essential amino acid]] [[Lysine|<small>L</small>-lysine]]. Lisdexamfetamine was developed so that the psychostimulant is released and activated more slowly as the prodrug molecule is [[hydrolyzed]]—consequently cleaving off the amino acid-during the first pass through the [[intestine]]s and/or the [[liver]].
| |
|
| |
|
| Vyvanse is the dimesylate salt of lisdexamfetamine marketed by [[Shire Pharmaceuticals Group|Shire Pharmaceuticals]]. Vyvanse is [[FDA]] approved—in strengths up to 70 mg—for the treatment of [[attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder]] in [[pediatric]] patients ages 6–12. Not only does Shire aspire to have Vyvanse replace [[Adderall|Adderall XR]] as their flagship [[ADHD]] product, they also have their marketing target set at 50% of the ADHD [[pharmaceutical]] [[market share]]. Shire will be applying for FDA—as well as European—approval for the treatment of adolescents and adult patients with ADHD. Shire has stated prospects of applying Vyvanse for FDA approval for the treatment of depression.
| |
|
| |
| A 25 mg strength Vyvanse capsule is molecularly equivalent to 10 mg Dexedrine Spansules (both the aforementioned pharmaceuticals are about 7.425 mg dextroamphetamine). 30mg is the weakest Vyvanse available (edit.) However, this molecular equivalence is not a [[bioequivalence]] ratio. While the [[area under the curve|AUC]] for the aforementioned pharmaceuticals is equivalent, the peak exposure of dextroamphetamine with Vyvanse is about 50% higher than that of dexedrine with Dexedrine Spansules.<ref>[http://www.fda.gov/cder/foi/nda/2007/021977s000_ClinPharmR.pdf FDA Approval of Vyvanse - Pharmacological Reviews]</ref>
| |
|
| |
| In human oral abuse-liability studies, 150 mg Vyvanse produced a "likeability"—euphoric effect—that was determined to be indistinguishable from 200 mg of the [[Controlled Substances Act|Schedule IV]] drug [[diethylpropion]] hydrochloride or 40 mg of dextroamphetamine.<ref> http://www.vyvanse.com/pdf/prescribing_information.pdf </ref>
| |
| [[Image:Vyvanse70mg.jpg|250px|thumb|left|70mg Vyvanse capsules]]
| |
| ==Notes and references==
| |
| {{reflist|2}}
| |
| http://www.vyvanse.com
| |
|
| |
| {{Stimulants}}
| |
|
| |
| {{pharma-stub}}
| |
| [[Category:Amphetamines]]
| |
| erk wann
| |