Laryngeal cancer staging: Difference between revisions
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==Staging==<ref>http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/laryngeal-treatment-pdq#section/_26</ref> | ==Staging== | ||
<ref>http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/laryngeal-treatment-pdq#section/_26</ref> | |||
Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ) | Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ) | ||
Revision as of 14:44, 21 October 2015
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Laryngeal cancer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Laryngeal cancer staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Laryngeal cancer staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Laryngeal cancer staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Staging
Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ)
In stage 0, abnormal cells are found in the lining of the larynx. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread into nearby normal tissue. Stage 0 is also called carcinoma in situ.
Stage I
In stage I, cancer has formed. Stage I laryngeal cancer depends on where cancer began in the larynx:
Supraglottis: Cancer is in one area of the supraglottis only and the vocal cords can move normally. Glottis: Cancer is in one or both vocal cords and the vocal cords can move normally. Subglottis: Cancer is in the subglottis only.
Stage II
In stage II, cancer is in the larynx only. Stage II laryngeal cancer depends on where cancer began in the larynx:
Supraglottis: Cancer is in more than one area of the supraglottis or surroundingtissues. Glottis: Cancer has spread to the supraglottis and/or the subglottis and/or the vocal cords cannot move normally. Subglottis: Cancer has spread to one or both vocal cords, which may not move normally.
ENLARGE
Pea, peanut, walnut, and lime show tumor sizes.
Stage III
Stage III laryngeal cancer depends on whether cancer has spread from the supraglottis,glottis, or subglottis.
In stage III cancer of the supraglottis:
cancer is in the larynx only and the vocal cords cannot move, and/or cancer is intissues next to the larynx. Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or cancer is in one area of the supraglottis and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor; the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller and the vocal cords can move normally; or cancer is in more than one area of the supraglottis or surrounding tissues and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor; the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller.
In stage III cancer of the glottis:
cancer is in the larynx only and the vocal cords cannot move, and/or cancer is intissues next to the larynx; cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or cancer is in one or both vocal cords and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor; the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller and the vocal cords can move normally; or cancer has spread to the supraglottis and/or the subglottis and/or the vocal cords cannot move normally. Cancer has also spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller.
In stage III cancer of the subglottis:
cancer is in the larynx and the vocal cords cannot move; cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or cancer is in the subglottis and in one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor; the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or cancer has spread to one or both vocal cords, which may not move normally. Cancer has also spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller.
Stage IV
Stage IV is divided into stage IVA, stage IVB, and stage IVC. Each substage is the same forcancer in the supraglottis, glottis, or subglottis.
In stage IVA:
cancer has spread through the thyroid cartilage and/or has spread to tissuesbeyond the larynx such as the neck, trachea, thyroid, or esophagus. Cancer may have spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the originaltumor and the lymph node is 3 centimeters or smaller; or cancer has spread to one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the original tumor and the lymph node is larger than 3 centimeters but not larger than 6 centimeters, or has spread to more than one lymph node anywhere in the neck with none larger than 6 centimeters. Cancer may have spread to tissues beyond the larynx, such as the neck, trachea, thyroid, or esophagus. Thevocal cords may not move normally.
In stage IVB:
cancer has spread to the space in front of the spinal column, surrounds thecarotid artery, or has spread to parts of the chest. Cancer may have spread to one or more lymph nodes anywhere in the neck and the lymph nodes may be any size; or cancer has spread to a lymph node that is larger than 6 centimeters and may have spread as far as the space in front of the spinal column, around the carotid artery, or to parts of the chest. The vocal cords may not move normally.
In stage IVC, cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs, liver, or bone.==References==