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{{Laryngeal cancer}}
{{Laryngeal cancer}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Faizan}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{OK}}, {{Faizan}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
The hallmark of laryngeal cancer is [[hoarseness]]. A positive history of neck lump and [[hoarseness]] is suggestive of [[laryngeal cancer]]. Based on the location of the [[tumor]], [[symptoms]] may differ but commonly includes [[hoarseness]] or other voice changes, [[lump]] in the [[neck]], [[sore throat]], and [[Cough|persistent cough]]
==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
The symptoms of cancer of the larynx depend on the size and location the tumor. Symptoms may include the following:
There can be a patient history of the following:
* [[Alcohol]]<ref name="pmid8704646">{{cite journal |vauthors=Andre K, Schraub S, Mercier M, Bontemps P |title=Role of alcohol and tobacco in the aetiology of head and neck cancer: a case-control study in the Doubs region of France |journal=Eur. J. Cancer, B, Oral Oncol. |volume=31B |issue=5 |pages=301–9 |date=September 1995 |pmid=8704646 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9682771">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Stefani E, Boffetta P, Oreggia F, Fierro L, Mendilaharsu M |title=Hard liquor drinking is associated with higher risk of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx than wine drinking. A case-control study in Uruguay |journal=Oral Oncol. |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=99–104 |date=March 1998 |pmid=9682771 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Tobacco]] products<ref name="pmid8704646" /><ref name="pmid9529030">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lewin F, Norell SE, Johansson H, Gustavsson P, Wennerberg J, Biörklund A, Rutqvist LE |title=Smoking tobacco, oral snuff, and alcohol in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a population-based case-referent study in Sweden |journal=Cancer |volume=82 |issue=7 |pages=1367–75 |date=April 1998 |pmid=9529030 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8209260">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spitz MR |title=Epidemiology and risk factors for head and neck cancer |journal=Semin. Oncol. |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=281–8 |date=June 1994 |pmid=8209260 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Viral infection]]: [[EBV]]<ref name="pmid10451485">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kobayashi I, Shima K, Saito I, Kiyoshima T, Matsuo K, Ozeki S, Ohishi M, Sakai H |title=Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in oral squamous cell carcinoma |journal=J. Pathol. |volume=189 |issue=1 |pages=34–9 |date=September 1999 |pmid=10451485 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<34::AID-PATH391>3.0.CO;2-4 |url=}}</ref> ,[[HPV]], [[hepatitis C virus]] (HCV)<ref name="pmid27075854">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahale P, Sturgis EM, Tweardy DJ, Ariza-Heredia EJ, Torres HA |title=Association Between Hepatitis C Virus and Head and Neck Cancers |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=108 |issue=8 |pages= |date=August 2016 |pmid=27075854 |pmc=5017939 |doi=10.1093/jnci/djw035 |url=}}</ref>, and [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV) and [[Herpes]]<ref name="pmid8387664">{{cite journal |vauthors=Das CM, Schantz SP, Shillitoe EJ |title=Antibody to a mutagenic peptide of herpes simplex virus in young adult patients with cancer of the head and neck |journal=Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. |volume=75 |issue=5 |pages=610–4 |date=May 1993 |pmid=8387664 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Immunodeficiency]]: [[HIV]] or solid [[organ transplantation]] has been associated with an increased risk of [[cancer]] in the head and neck region<ref name="pmid23554129">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rabinovics N, Mizrachi A, Hadar T, Ad-El D, Feinmesser R, Guttman D, Shpitzer T, Bachar G |title=Cancer of the head and neck region in solid organ transplant recipients |journal=Head Neck |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=181–6 |date=February 2014 |pmid=23554129 |doi=10.1002/hed.23283 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Betel nut]] chewing <ref name="pmid24302487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guha N, Warnakulasuriya S, Vlaanderen J, Straif K |title=Betel quid chewing and the risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: a meta-analysis with implications for cancer control |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=135 |issue=6 |pages=1433–43 |date=September 2014 |pmid=24302487 |doi=10.1002/ijc.28643 |url=}}</ref>


* Occupational exposure like [[Chromium]] or [[Nickel]]<ref name="pmid6747509">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olsen J, Sabroe S |title=Occupational causes of laryngeal cancer |journal=J Epidemiol Community Health |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=117–21 |date=June 1984 |pmid=6747509 |doi= |url=}}</ref>, [[Asbestos]]<ref name="pmid10658307">{{cite journal |vauthors=Battista G, Belli S, Comba P, Fiumalbi C, Grignoli M, Loi F, Orsi D, Paredes I |title=Mortality due to asbestos-related causes among railway carriage construction and repair workers |journal=Occup Med (Lond) |volume=49 |issue=8 |pages=536–9 |date=November 1999 |pmid=10658307 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27504188">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roh S, Park S, Tae G, Song J |title=A case of laryngeal cancer induced by exposure to asbestos in a construction site supervisor |journal=Ann Occup Environ Med |volume=28 |issue= |pages=34 |date=2016 |pmid=27504188 |pmc=4976513 |doi=10.1186/s40557-016-0114-3 |url=}}</ref>, Perchloroethylene<ref name="pmid9423585">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vaughan TL, Stewart PA, Davis S, Thomas DB |title=Work in dry cleaning and the incidence of cancer of the oral cavity, larynx, and oesophagus |journal=Occup Environ Med |volume=54 |issue=9 |pages=692–5 |date=September 1997 |pmid=9423585 |pmc=1128846 |doi= |url=}}</ref> 
* [[Pesticides]], man-made mineral vitreous fibers (MMMF), [[polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]]
* [[Mouthwash]] <ref name="pmid26275006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boffetta P, Hayes RB, Sartori S, Lee YC, Muscat J, Olshan A, Winn DM, Castellsagué X, Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Vaughan TL, Wunsch-Filho V, Purdue M, Koifman S, Curado MP, Vilensky M, Gillison M, Fernandez L, Menezes A, Daudt AW, Schantz S, Yu G, D'Souza G, Haddad RI, La Vecchia C, Hashibe M |title=Mouthwash use and cancer of the head and neck: a pooled analysis from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium |journal=Eur. J. Cancer Prev. |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=344–8 |date=July 2016 |pmid=26275006 |pmc=4752930 |doi=10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000179 |url=}}</ref>
Based on the location of the [[tumor]], symptoms may differ but commonly include:<ref name="pmid27841116">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones TM, De M, Foran B, Harrington K, Mortimore S |title=Laryngeal cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary guidelines |journal=J Laryngol Otol |volume=130 |issue=S2 |pages=S75–S82 |date=May 2016 |pmid=27841116 |pmc=4873912 |doi=10.1017/S0022215116000487 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19368278">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jovanović MB |title=[Diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma] |journal=Med. Pregl. |volume=61 |issue=11-12 |pages=591–5 |date=2008 |pmid=19368278 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Hoarseness]] or other voice changes
*[[Hoarseness]] or other voice changes
*A lump in the neck
*[[Lump]] in the [[neck]]
*A [[sore throat]] or feeling that something is stuck in the throat
*[[Sore throat]]
*Persistent [[cough]]
*[[Cough|Persistent cough]]
*[[Stridor]]
*[[Stridor]]
*[[Bad breath]]
*[[Bad breath]]
*[[Earache]]
*[[Earache]]
* [[Odynophagia]]
* [[Odynophagia]]
 
* [[Dysphagia]]
* [[Chronic cough]]
* [[Hemoptysis]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
* [[Otalgia]]
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]

Latest revision as of 21:08, 10 January 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]

Overview

The hallmark of laryngeal cancer is hoarseness. A positive history of neck lump and hoarseness is suggestive of laryngeal cancer. Based on the location of the tumor, symptoms may differ but commonly includes hoarseness or other voice changes, lump in the neck, sore throat, and persistent cough

History and Symptoms

There can be a patient history of the following:

Based on the location of the tumor, symptoms may differ but commonly include:[15][16]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Andre K, Schraub S, Mercier M, Bontemps P (September 1995). "Role of alcohol and tobacco in the aetiology of head and neck cancer: a case-control study in the Doubs region of France". Eur. J. Cancer, B, Oral Oncol. 31B (5): 301–9. PMID 8704646.
  2. ↑ De Stefani E, Boffetta P, Oreggia F, Fierro L, Mendilaharsu M (March 1998). "Hard liquor drinking is associated with higher risk of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx than wine drinking. A case-control study in Uruguay". Oral Oncol. 34 (2): 99–104. PMID 9682771.
  3. ↑ Lewin F, Norell SE, Johansson H, Gustavsson P, Wennerberg J, Biörklund A, Rutqvist LE (April 1998). "Smoking tobacco, oral snuff, and alcohol in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a population-based case-referent study in Sweden". Cancer. 82 (7): 1367–75. PMID 9529030.
  4. ↑ Spitz MR (June 1994). "Epidemiology and risk factors for head and neck cancer". Semin. Oncol. 21 (3): 281–8. PMID 8209260.
  5. ↑ Kobayashi I, Shima K, Saito I, Kiyoshima T, Matsuo K, Ozeki S, Ohishi M, Sakai H (September 1999). "Prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in oral squamous cell carcinoma". J. Pathol. 189 (1): 34–9. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<34::AID-PATH391>3.0.CO;2-4. PMID 10451485.
  6. ↑ Mahale P, Sturgis EM, Tweardy DJ, Ariza-Heredia EJ, Torres HA (August 2016). "Association Between Hepatitis C Virus and Head and Neck Cancers". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 108 (8). doi:10.1093/jnci/djw035. PMC 5017939. PMID 27075854.
  7. ↑ Das CM, Schantz SP, Shillitoe EJ (May 1993). "Antibody to a mutagenic peptide of herpes simplex virus in young adult patients with cancer of the head and neck". Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. 75 (5): 610–4. PMID 8387664.
  8. ↑ Rabinovics N, Mizrachi A, Hadar T, Ad-El D, Feinmesser R, Guttman D, Shpitzer T, Bachar G (February 2014). "Cancer of the head and neck region in solid organ transplant recipients". Head Neck. 36 (2): 181–6. doi:10.1002/hed.23283. PMID 23554129.
  9. ↑ Guha N, Warnakulasuriya S, Vlaanderen J, Straif K (September 2014). "Betel quid chewing and the risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: a meta-analysis with implications for cancer control". Int. J. Cancer. 135 (6): 1433–43. doi:10.1002/ijc.28643. PMID 24302487.
  10. ↑ Olsen J, Sabroe S (June 1984). "Occupational causes of laryngeal cancer". J Epidemiol Community Health. 38 (2): 117–21. PMID 6747509.
  11. ↑ Battista G, Belli S, Comba P, Fiumalbi C, Grignoli M, Loi F, Orsi D, Paredes I (November 1999). "Mortality due to asbestos-related causes among railway carriage construction and repair workers". Occup Med (Lond). 49 (8): 536–9. PMID 10658307.
  12. ↑ Roh S, Park S, Tae G, Song J (2016). "A case of laryngeal cancer induced by exposure to asbestos in a construction site supervisor". Ann Occup Environ Med. 28: 34. doi:10.1186/s40557-016-0114-3. PMC 4976513. PMID 27504188.
  13. ↑ Vaughan TL, Stewart PA, Davis S, Thomas DB (September 1997). "Work in dry cleaning and the incidence of cancer of the oral cavity, larynx, and oesophagus". Occup Environ Med. 54 (9): 692–5. PMC 1128846. PMID 9423585.
  14. ↑ Boffetta P, Hayes RB, Sartori S, Lee YC, Muscat J, Olshan A, Winn DM, Castellsagué X, Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Chen C, Schwartz SM, Vaughan TL, Wunsch-Filho V, Purdue M, Koifman S, Curado MP, Vilensky M, Gillison M, Fernandez L, Menezes A, Daudt AW, Schantz S, Yu G, D'Souza G, Haddad RI, La Vecchia C, Hashibe M (July 2016). "Mouthwash use and cancer of the head and neck: a pooled analysis from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium". Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 25 (4): 344–8. doi:10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000179. PMC 4752930. PMID 26275006.
  15. ↑ Jones TM, De M, Foran B, Harrington K, Mortimore S (May 2016). "Laryngeal cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary guidelines". J Laryngol Otol. 130 (S2): S75–S82. doi:10.1017/S0022215116000487. PMC 4873912. PMID 27841116.
  16. ↑ Jovanović MB (2008). "[Diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma]". Med. Pregl. 61 (11–12): 591–5. PMID 19368278.


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