Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5), formerly known as stratum corneum tryptic enzyme (SCTE), is a serine protease expressed in the epidermis. In humans it is encoded by the KLK5gene.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This gene is one of the fifteen kallikrein subfamily members located in a cluster on chromosome 19. Its expression is up-regulated by estrogens and progestins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.[7]
KLK5 has been suggested to regulate cell shedding (desquamation) in conjunction with KLK7 and KLK14, given its ability to degrade proteins which form the extracellular component of cell junctions in the stratum corneum. It is proposed that KLK5 regulates this process since it is able to self-activate in addition to activating KLK7 and KLK14.[8]
References
↑
Brattsand M, Egelrud T (Nov 1999). "Purification, molecular cloning, and expression of a human stratum corneum trypsin-like serine protease with possible function in desquamation". J Biol Chem. 274 (42): 30033–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.42.30033. PMID10514489.
↑Yousef GM, Diamandis EP (Feb 2000). "The new kallikrein-like gene, KLK-L2. Molecular characterization, mapping, tissue expression, and hormonal regulation". J Biol Chem. 274 (53): 37511–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.53.37511. PMID10608802.
↑Zulkifli SN, Paine LL, Greener DL, Subramaniam R (Oct 1991). "Trends in selected obstetric complications from University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia". Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 35 (1): 29–36. doi:10.1016/0020-7292(91)90059-E. PMID1680072.
↑Wiesmann UN, DiDonato S, Herschkowitz NN (Jan 1976). "Effect of chloroquine on cultured fibroblasts: release of lysosomal hydrolases and inhibition of their uptake". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 66 (4): 1338–43. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(75)90506-9. PMID4.
↑Diamandis, Eleftherios P.; Deperthes, David; Lundwall, Åke (Jun 2006). "Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Kallikreins, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1-3, 2005". Biol Chem. 387 (6): 635–824. doi:10.1515/BC.2006.081. PMID16800723.
↑Yamasaki K, Schauber J, Coda A, Lin H, Dorschner RA, Schechter NM, Bonnart C, Descargues P, Hovnanian A, Gallo RL (Oct 2006). "Kallikrein-mediated proteolysis regulates the antimicrobial effects of cathelicidins in skin". FASEB J. 20 (12): 2068–80. doi:10.1096/fj.06-6075com. PMID17012259.
↑
Brattsand M, Stefansson K, Lundh C, et al. (2005). "A proteolytic cascade of kallikreins in the stratum corneum". J. Invest. Dermatol. 124 (1): 198–203. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23547.x. PMID15654974.
Diamandis EP, Yousef GM, Luo LY, et al. (2001). "The new human kallikrein gene family: implications in carcinogenesis". Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 11 (2): 54–60. doi:10.1016/S1043-2760(99)00225-8. PMID10675891.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID8125298.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID9373149.
Yousef GM, Luo LY, Diamandis EP (2000). "Identification of novel human kallikrein-like genes on chromosome 19q13.3-q13.4". Anticancer Res. 19 (4B): 2843–52. PMID10652563.
Harvey TJ, Hooper JD, Myers SA, et al. (2001). "Tissue-specific expression patterns and fine mapping of the human kallikrein (KLK) locus on proximal 19q13.4". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (48): 37397–406. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004525200. PMID10969073.
Gan L, Lee I, Smith R, et al. (2001). "Sequencing and expression analysis of the serine protease gene cluster located in chromosome 19q13 region". Gene. 257 (1): 119–30. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00382-6. PMID11054574.
Yousef GM, Scorilas A, Chang A, et al. (2002). "Down-regulation of the human kallikrein gene 5 (KLK5) in prostate cancer tissues". Prostate. 51 (2): 126–32. doi:10.1002/pros.10067. PMID11948967.
Yousef GM, Obiezu CV, Jung K, et al. (2003). "Differential expression of Kallikrein gene 5 in cancerous and normal testicular tissues". Urology. 60 (4): 714–8. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(02)01811-3. PMID12385949.
Dong Y, Kaushal A, Brattsand M, et al. (2004). "Differential splicing of KLK5 and KLK7 in epithelial ovarian cancer produces novel variants with potential as cancer biomarkers". Clin. Cancer Res. 9 (5): 1710–20. PMID12738725.
Yousef GM, Kapadia C, Polymeris ME, et al. (2003). "The human kallikrein protein 5 (hK5) is enzymatically active, glycosylated and forms complexes with two protease inhibitors in ovarian cancer fluids". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1628 (2): 88–96. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(03)00116-7. PMID12890555.
Caubet C, Jonca N, Brattsand M, et al. (2004). "Degradation of corneodesmosome proteins by two serine proteases of the kallikrein family, SCTE/KLK5/hK5 and SCCE/KLK7/hK7". J. Invest. Dermatol. 122 (5): 1235–44. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22512.x. PMID15140227.
Ishida-Yamamoto A, Deraison C, Bonnart C, et al. (2005). "LEKTI is localized in lamellar granules, separated from KLK5 and KLK7, and is secreted in the extracellular spaces of the superficial stratum granulosum". J. Invest. Dermatol. 124 (2): 360–6. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23583.x. PMID15675955.
External links
The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.017
