Hypertensive nephropathy laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
* Blood tests | * Blood tests | ||
** High levels of [[creatinine]], [[BUN]] | ** High levels of [[creatinine]], [[BUN]] | ||
** [[Anemia]]: | ** [[Anemia]]: low [[Hb]] and [[hematocrit]] | ||
** [[Hyperlipidemia]] | ** [[Hyperlipidemia]] | ||
**Elevated serum levels of β2-microglobulin and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have been recently found to predict the [[hypertensive nephropathy]]. <ref name="CaoHou2019">{{cite journal|last1=Cao|first1=Junjie |last2=Hou|first2=Rui |last3=Lu|first3=Jingqian |last4=Zhang|first4=Kongyan |last5=Zhao|first5=Cui |last6=Jiang|first6=Haisen |last7=Feng|first7=Yumei |last8=Wang|first8=Yiwei |title=The predictive value of β2‑MG and TGF‑β for elderly hypertensive nephropathy|journal=Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine|year=2019|issn=1792-0981|doi=10.3892/etm.2019.7278}}</ref> | |||
* Urinary analysis | * Urinary analysis | ||
** High protein levels | ** High protein levels | ||
*** May range from [[microalbuminuria]] (< 300 mg/ dl) to overt [[proteinuria]] (> 300 mg/ dl) | *** May range from [[microalbuminuria]] (< 300 mg/ dl) to overt [[proteinuria]] (> 300 mg/ dl) | ||
*** Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio may be increased. | *** Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio may be increased. | ||
**Presence of [[podocyte]] proteins in the urine precede [[proteinuria]], so it can be used as an early investigation. But, laboratory test for detecting [[podocytuia]] is not widely available. <ref name="SecciaCaroccia2017">{{cite journal|last1=Seccia|first1=Teresa M.|last2=Caroccia|first2=Brasilina|last3=Calò|first3=Lorenzo A.|title=Hypertensive nephropathy. Moving from classic to emerging pathogenetic mechanisms|journal=Journal of Hypertension|volume=35|issue=2|year=2017|pages=205–212|issn=0263-6352|doi=10.1097/HJH.0000000000001170}}</ref> | |||
**Increased mRNA levels of [[podocin]] and [[nephrin]] in the urine is another early diagnostic test, which shows glomerular damage and developing [[hypertensive nephropathy]]. <ref name="SecciaCaroccia2017">{{cite journal|last1=Seccia|first1=Teresa M.|last2=Caroccia|first2=Brasilina|last3=Calò|first3=Lorenzo A.|title=Hypertensive nephropathy. Moving from classic to emerging pathogenetic mechanisms|journal=Journal of Hypertension|volume=35|issue=2|year=2017|pages=205–212|issn=0263-6352|doi=10.1097/HJH.0000000000001170}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 11:30, 14 June 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]
Laboratory Findings
- Blood tests
- High levels of creatinine, BUN
- Anemia: low Hb and hematocrit
- Hyperlipidemia
- Elevated serum levels of β2-microglobulin and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have been recently found to predict the hypertensive nephropathy. [1]
- Urinary analysis
- High protein levels
- May range from microalbuminuria (< 300 mg/ dl) to overt proteinuria (> 300 mg/ dl)
- Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio may be increased.
- Presence of podocyte proteins in the urine precede proteinuria, so it can be used as an early investigation. But, laboratory test for detecting podocytuia is not widely available. [2]
- Increased mRNA levels of podocin and nephrin in the urine is another early diagnostic test, which shows glomerular damage and developing hypertensive nephropathy. [2]
- High protein levels
References
- ↑ Cao, Junjie; Hou, Rui; Lu, Jingqian; Zhang, Kongyan; Zhao, Cui; Jiang, Haisen; Feng, Yumei; Wang, Yiwei (2019). "The predictive value of β2‑MG and TGF‑β for elderly hypertensive nephropathy". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. doi:10.3892/etm.2019.7278. ISSN 1792-0981.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Seccia, Teresa M.; Caroccia, Brasilina; Calò, Lorenzo A. (2017). "Hypertensive nephropathy. Moving from classic to emerging pathogenetic mechanisms". Journal of Hypertension. 35 (2): 205–212. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001170. ISSN 0263-6352.