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| {{Hypernatremia}}
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| {{CMG}}'''; Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[User:Jack Khouri|Jack Khouri]]
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| ==overview==
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| Treating hypernatremia is vital in order to prevent any permanent brain damage. Free water replacement is required and the amount is calculated using a formula mentioned below. The management of any other condition causing hypernatremai should be adressed as well.
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| ==Treatment==
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| * The cornerstone of treatment is administration of free water to correct the relative water deficit. Water can be replaced orally or [[intravenous]]ly.
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| * '''Overly rapid correction of hypernatremia is potentially very dangerous'''. As we mentioned before, The body (in particular the [[brain]]) adapts to the higher sodium concentration. Rapidly lowering the sodium concentration with free water, once this adaptation has occurred, causes water to flow into brain cells and causes them to swell (cerebral edema). This can lead to [[cerebral edema]], potentially resulting in seizures, permanent [[brain damage]], or death. [[Central pontine myelinolysis]] can also occur with over rapid correction of the sodium which should be about '''0.5 meq/l/hour''' and no more than 1 meq per hour. Significant hypernatremia should be treated carefully by a [[physician]] or other medical professional with experience in treatment of [[electrolyte imbalance]]s.
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| * ''Free Water deficit (L)= 0.6 x (body weight(kg)) x ((plasma[Sodium]/140)-1)''
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| * Central DI should be treated with desmopressin and drugs that increase vasopressin release eg Clofibrate.
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| * Nephrogenic DI can be treated with Thiazide diuretics, low salt and low protein diet.
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Electrophysiology]]
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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| [[Category:Endocrinology]]
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| [[Category:Emergency medicine]]
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| [[Category:Nephrology]]
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| [[Category:Electrolyte disturbance]]
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| [[Category:Blood tests]]
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| [[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
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| [[fr:Hypokaliémie]]
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| [[pl:Hipokaliemia]]
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| [[pt:Hipocaliémia]]
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| [[ru:Гипокалиемия]]
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| [[vi:Hạ kali máu]]
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| [[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]]
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