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{{Hyperkalemia}}
{{Hyperkalemia}}


{{CMG}}; [[Jogeet Singh Sekhon|{{AE}}Jogeet Singh Sekhon]]  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[Jogeet Singh Sekhon|Jogeet Singh Sekhon]]  


==Overview==
==Overview==


There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with hyperkalemia.However depending on the cause of hyperkalemia ultrasound findings of the particular cause might be present.
There are no [[echocardiography]]/ultrasound findings associated with hyperkalemia.However depending on the cause of hyperkalemia [[ultrasound]] findings of the particular cause might be present.


==Echocardiography/Ultrasound==
==Echocardiography/Ultrasound==


=== Renal causes ===
=== Renal causes ===
In chronic kidney diseases USG findings <ref name="pmid25060323">{{cite journal| author=El-Reshaid W, Abdul-Fattah H| title=Sonographic assessment of renal size in healthy adults. | journal=Med Princ Pract | year= 2014 | volume= 23 | issue= 5 | pages= 432-6 | pmid=25060323 | doi=10.1159/000364876 | pmc=5586921 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25060323  }} </ref>
In [[Chronic renal failure|chronic kidney diseases]] USG findings are; <ref name="pmid25060323">{{cite journal| author=El-Reshaid W, Abdul-Fattah H| title=Sonographic assessment of renal size in healthy adults. | journal=Med Princ Pract | year= 2014 | volume= 23 | issue= 5 | pages= 432-6 | pmid=25060323 | doi=10.1159/000364876 | pmc=5586921 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25060323  }} </ref><ref name="pmid20651174">{{cite journal| author=Beland MD, Walle NL, Machan JT, Cronan JJ| title=Renal cortical thickness measured at ultrasound: is it better than renal length as an indicator of renal function in chronic kidney disease? | journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol | year= 2010 | volume= 195 | issue= 2 | pages= W146-9 | pmid=20651174 | doi=10.2214/AJR.09.4104 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20651174  }} </ref>
<ref name="pmid20651174">{{cite journal| author=Beland MD, Walle NL, Machan JT, Cronan JJ| title=Renal cortical thickness measured at ultrasound: is it better than renal length as an indicator of renal function in chronic kidney disease? | journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol | year= 2010 | volume= 195 | issue= 2 | pages= W146-9 | pmid=20651174 | doi=10.2214/AJR.09.4104 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20651174  }} </ref>
* Reduced renal cortical thickness <6 mm
are;
** More reliable than length
* reduced renal cortical thickness <6 mm <sup>6</sup> 
* Reduced renal length
** more reliable than length <sup>7</sup>
* Increased [[Kidney|renal]] cortical echogenicity 
* reduced renal length
* Poor visibility of the renal pyramids and the renal sinus
* increased renal cortical echogenicity 
* Marginal irregularities
* poor visibility of the renal pyramids and the renal sinus
* Papillary calcifications
* marginal irregularities
* Cysts (see also: acquired [[Polycystic kidney disease|cystic kidney disease]])
* papillary calcifications
* cysts (see also: acquired cystic kidney disease)


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
[[Category: (name of the system)]]
[[Category: (name of the system)]]

Latest revision as of 19:42, 30 July 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jogeet Singh Sekhon

Overview

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with hyperkalemia.However depending on the cause of hyperkalemia ultrasound findings of the particular cause might be present.

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

Renal causes

In chronic kidney diseases USG findings are; [1][2]

  • Reduced renal cortical thickness <6 mm
    • More reliable than length
  • Reduced renal length
  • Increased renal cortical echogenicity 
  • Poor visibility of the renal pyramids and the renal sinus
  • Marginal irregularities
  • Papillary calcifications
  • Cysts (see also: acquired cystic kidney disease)

References

  1. El-Reshaid W, Abdul-Fattah H (2014). "Sonographic assessment of renal size in healthy adults". Med Princ Pract. 23 (5): 432–6. doi:10.1159/000364876. PMC 5586921. PMID 25060323.
  2. Beland MD, Walle NL, Machan JT, Cronan JJ (2010). "Renal cortical thickness measured at ultrasound: is it better than renal length as an indicator of renal function in chronic kidney disease?". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195 (2): W146–9. doi:10.2214/AJR.09.4104. PMID 20651174.