Human papillomavirus prevention: Difference between revisions
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==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Primary preventive measures to prevent HPV infection include the following:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM, ''et al'' |title=Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial |journal=Lancet |volume=367 |issue=9518 |pages=1247-55 |year=2006 |pmid=16631880 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68439-0}}</ref><ref name=CDC_HPV>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine.htm |title=STD Facts - HPV Vaccine |date = 2006-08-01 | accessdate=2007-08-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://women.webmd.com/news/20060608/cervical-cancer-vaccine-approved |title=Cervical Cancer Vaccine Approved |accessdate=2007-08-17 |work=WebMD}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Holmes KK, Levine R, Weaver M |title=Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections |journal=Bull. World Health Organ. |volume=82 |issue=6 |pages=454-61 |year=2004 |pmid=15356939}}</ref><ref name="Winer">{{cite journal |author=Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q, ''et al'' |title=Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=25 |pages=2645-54 |year=2006 |pmid=16790697 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa053284}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ, ''et al'' |title=HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=92 |issue=8 |pages=1388-92 |year=2005 |pmid=15812547 |doi=10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Moscicki AB |title=Impact of HPV infection in adolescent populations |journal=The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine |volume=37 |issue=6 Suppl |pages=S3-9 |year=2005 |pmid=16310138}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ, ''et al'' |title=HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=92 |issue=8 |pages=1388-92 |year=2005 |pmid=15812547 |doi=10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524}}</ref> | Primary preventive measures to prevent HPV infection include the following:<ref>{{cite journal |author=Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM, ''et al'' |title=Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial |journal=Lancet |volume=367 |issue=9518 |pages=1247-55 |year=2006 |pmid=16631880 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68439-0}}</ref><ref name=CDC_HPV>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/STDFact-HPV-vaccine.htm |title=STD Facts - HPV Vaccine |date = 2006-08-01 | accessdate=2007-08-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://women.webmd.com/news/20060608/cervical-cancer-vaccine-approved |title=Cervical Cancer Vaccine Approved |accessdate=2007-08-17 |work=WebMD}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Holmes KK, Levine R, Weaver M |title=Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections |journal=Bull. World Health Organ. |volume=82 |issue=6 |pages=454-61 |year=2004 |pmid=15356939}}</ref><ref name="Winer">{{cite journal |author=Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q, ''et al'' |title=Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=25 |pages=2645-54 |year=2006 |pmid=16790697 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa053284}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ, ''et al'' |title=HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=92 |issue=8 |pages=1388-92 |year=2005 |pmid=15812547 |doi=10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Moscicki AB |title=Impact of HPV infection in adolescent populations |journal=The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine |volume=37 |issue=6 Suppl |pages=S3-9 |year=2005 |pmid=16310138}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ, ''et al'' |title=HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=92 |issue=8 |pages=1388-92 |year=2005 |pmid=15812547 |doi=10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524}}</ref><ref name="pmid21288094">{{cite journal| author=Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, Moreira ED, Penny ME, Aranda C et al.| title=Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV Infection and disease in males. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2011 | volume= 364 | issue= 5 | pages= 401-11 | pmid=21288094 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0909537 | pmc=3495065 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21288094 }} [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21576528 Review in: Ann Intern Med. 2011 May 17;154(10):JC5-10] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21561929 Review in: Evid Based Med. 2011 Oct;16(5):157-8] </ref> | ||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''HPV vaccine''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''HPV vaccine''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Recommendations | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Recommendations | ||
*Recommended in both males hand females | *Recommended in both males hand females<ref name="pmid21288094">{{cite journal| author=Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, Moreira ED, Penny ME, Aranda C et al.| title=Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV Infection and disease in males. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2011 | volume= 364 | issue= 5 | pages= 401-11 | pmid=21288094 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0909537 | pmc=3495065 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21288094 }} [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21576528 Review in: Ann Intern Med. 2011 May 17;154(10):JC5-10] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21561929 Review in: Evid Based Med. 2011 Oct;16(5):157-8] </ref> | ||
*Started at age 11 or 12 | *Started at age 11 or 12 | ||
*Females can get vaccinated through age 26, males through 21 | *Females can get vaccinated through age 26, males through 21 | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
*Abstinence from sex | *Abstinence from sex | ||
*Avoiding high risk sexual bahaviours(MSM) | *Avoiding high risk sexual bahaviours(MSM) | ||
*Regular use of condoms | *Regular use of condoms<ref name="pmid16790697">{{cite journal| author=Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q, O'Reilly S, Kiviat NB, Holmes KK et al.| title=Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 354 | issue= 25 | pages= 2645-54 | pmid=16790697 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa053284 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16790697 }} </ref> | ||
*Male circumcision<ref name="pmid19321868">{{cite journal| author=Tobian AA, Serwadda D, Quinn TC, Kigozi G, Gravitt PE, Laeyendecker O et al.| title=Male circumcision for the prevention of HSV-2 and HPV infections and syphilis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2009 | volume= 360 | issue= 13 | pages= 1298-309 | pmid=19321868 | doi=10.1056/NEJMoa0802556 | pmc=2676895 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19321868 }} </ref> | |||
* Avoid sexual contact with a person having HPV infection | * Avoid sexual contact with a person having HPV infection | ||
*Following regualr screening recommendations | *Following regualr screening recommendations | ||
Revision as of 16:31, 13 October 2016
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Human papillomavirus Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Human papillomavirus prevention On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Human papillomavirus prevention |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Human papillomavirus prevention |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Most people become infected with various cutaneous HPV types during childhood. Papillomaviruses have a sturdy outer protein shell or "capsid" that renders them capable of lingering in the environment for long periods of time. Avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces, such as the floors of communal showers or airport security lines, might reduce the risk of cutaneous HPV infection. Treating common warts soon after they first appear may also reduce the spread of the infection to additional sites.
Genital HPV infections may be distributed widely over genital skin and mucosal surfaces, and transmission can occur even when there are no overt symptoms. Several strategies should be employed to minimize the risk of developing diseases caused by genital HPVs:
Prevention
Primary preventive measures to prevent HPV infection include the following:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
| Primary Prevention | Recommendations |
|---|---|
| HPV vaccine | Recommendations
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| Other lifestyle measures |
References
- ↑ Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM; et al. (2006). "Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial". Lancet. 367 (9518): 1247–55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68439-0. PMID 16631880.
- ↑ "STD Facts - HPV Vaccine". 2006-08-01. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
- ↑ "Cervical Cancer Vaccine Approved". WebMD. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
- ↑ Holmes KK, Levine R, Weaver M (2004). "Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections". Bull. World Health Organ. 82 (6): 454–61. PMID 15356939.
- ↑ Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q; et al. (2006). "Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (25): 2645–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa053284. PMID 16790697.
- ↑ Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ; et al. (2005). "HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions". Br. J. Cancer. 92 (8): 1388–92. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524. PMID 15812547.
- ↑ Moscicki AB (2005). "Impact of HPV infection in adolescent populations". The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. 37 (6 Suppl): S3–9. PMID 16310138.
- ↑ Bleeker MC, Berkhof J, Hogewoning CJ; et al. (2005). "HPV type concordance in sexual couples determines the effect of condoms on regression of flat penile lesions". Br. J. Cancer. 92 (8): 1388–92. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602524. PMID 15812547.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, Moreira ED, Penny ME, Aranda C; et al. (2011). "Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV Infection and disease in males". N Engl J Med. 364 (5): 401–11. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0909537. PMC 3495065. PMID 21288094. Review in: Ann Intern Med. 2011 May 17;154(10):JC5-10 Review in: Evid Based Med. 2011 Oct;16(5):157-8
- ↑ Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q, O'Reilly S, Kiviat NB, Holmes KK; et al. (2006). "Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women". N Engl J Med. 354 (25): 2645–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa053284. PMID 16790697.
- ↑ Tobian AA, Serwadda D, Quinn TC, Kigozi G, Gravitt PE, Laeyendecker O; et al. (2009). "Male circumcision for the prevention of HSV-2 and HPV infections and syphilis". N Engl J Med. 360 (13): 1298–309. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0802556. PMC 2676895. PMID 19321868.