Hematuria: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Robot: Automated text replacement (-{{WikiDoc Cardiology Network Infobox}} +, -<references /> +{{reflist|2}}, -{{reflist}} +{{reflist|2}}))
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''


Line 13: Line 14:
   MeshID        = D006417 |
   MeshID        = D006417 |
}}
}}
{{Search infobox}}
{{Hematuria}}
{{SCC}}
{{SCC}}
 
{{SK}} Haematuria
 
 
==Overview==
==Overview==


'''Hematuria''' (or "haematuria") is the presence of [[red blood cells]] (erythrocytes) in the [[urine]]. Occasionally the term "[[hemoglobinuria]]" is used synonymously, although more precisely it refers only to [[hemoglobin]] in the urine.
'''Hematuria''' is the presence of [[red blood cells]] (erythrocytes) in the [[urine]]. Occasionally the term "[[hemoglobinuria]]" is used synonymously, although more precisely it refers only to [[hemoglobin]] in the urine.


== Types of Hematuria==
== Types of Hematuria==

Revision as of 18:22, 27 September 2012

For patient information click here

Hematuria
ICD-10 N02, R31
ICD-9 599.7, 791.2
DiseasesDB 19635
MeSH D006417

Hematuria Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Definition

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hematuria from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Hematuria On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hematuria

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hematuria

CDC on Hematuria

Hematuria in the news

Blogs on Hematuria

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hematuria

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hematuria

Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D. Synonyms and keywords: Haematuria

Overview

Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the urine. Occasionally the term "hemoglobinuria" is used synonymously, although more precisely it refers only to hemoglobin in the urine.

Types of Hematuria

Red discoloration of the urine can have various causes:

Symptoms

In assessing the underlying cause of hematuria, the patient should be asked the following questions::

  • Have you passed any blood clots?
  • Has a kidney stone been passed (have you heard a noise in toilet bowl)?
  • Is the red color mixed in completely, or does the color change during an episode of urination?
  • Does it occur only after getting up?
  • Have you recently had a sore throat?

Diagnosis

Often, the diagnosis is made on the basis of the medical history and some blood tests—especially in young people in whom the risk of malignancy is negligible and the symptoms are generally self-limited.

Ultrasound investigation of the renal tract is often used to distinguish between various sources of bleeding. X-rays can be used to identify kidney stones, although CT scanning is more precise.

In older patients, cystoscopy with biopsy of suspected lesions is often employed to investigate for bladder cancer.

A more complete evaluation would include the following:

  • C3 levels
  • Red blood cells casts
  • Cyroglobulins
  • Hepatitis C antibodies
  • Anti-glomerular basement membranes (GBM)
  • Antinuclear anitbodies (ANA)
  • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)
  • Antistreptolysin O antibodies (ASO)

Common Causes

Common causes of macroscopic hematuria/ haematuria (i.e. blood visible in the urine) include:

Differential Diagnosis

In alphabetical order. [2] [3]

Main Causes

Other Causes

References

  1. http://www.emoryhealthcare.org/departments/urology/sub_menu/upj.html
  2. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  3. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

ar:بول دموي de:Hämaturie it:Ematuria he:המטוריה qu:Yawar ispay fi:Verivirtsaisuus

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • 2.5% of the general population has asymptomatic hematuria

Other Diagnostic Studies

  • Three-tube test
  • Centrifuge urine sample
  • Urine cytology
  • Urine cytoscopy
  • Renal biopsy


Treatment

  • Older patients with transient hematuria should be evaluated for urinary tract cancers
  • Urologic consult if necessary
  • Treat underlying etiologies
  • Increase hydration (stones)

Pharmacotherapy

Acute Pharmacotherapies

  • Antibiotics (UTI)
  • Analgesics (stones)

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

  • Biopsy for patients for glomerular sources

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]




Template:WikiDoc Sources