Hearing impairment natural history, complications and prognosis

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Complications

Age-related hearing loss has been independently associated with

Quantification of hearing loss

The severity of hearing loss is measured by the degree of loudness, as measured in decibels, a sound must attain before being detected by an individual. Hearing loss may be ranked as mild, moderate, severe or profound. It is quite common for someone to have more than one degree of hearing loss (i.e. mild sloping to severe). The following list shows the rankings and their corresponding decibel ranges:

  • Mild:
    • For adults: between 26 and 40 dB
    • For children: between 15 and 40 dB
  • Moderate: between 41 and 56 dB
  • Moderately severe: between 56 and 70 dB
  • Severe: between 71 and 90 dB
  • Profound: 90 dB or greater

Prognosis

The prognosis for hearing recovery for idiopathic SSNHL is dependent on a number of factors including the severity of hearing loss, shape of the audiogram, age of onset, presence of vertigo, and presence of other risk factors.[1][2]

PROGNOSIS BASED OF SEVERITY OF DISEASE
MILD MODERATE SEVERE DISABLING
HEARING LOSS 26–40 dB HL 41–60 dB HL 61–80 dB HL >80 dB HL
DESCRIPTION Patient hears fine Hear with some difficulty.

People Mumble.

Difficulty in hearing. Patients relies on reading lips.

The term deaf is often used by persons

with profound hearing loss with >80 dB HL.

TREATMENT Communication strategies Communication strategies

Amplification

Communication strategies

Hearing aids

Cochlear implant

Communication strategies

Hearing aids

Cochlear implant

Sign language

Lip reading

RISK OF DEMENTIA[3] 2 times increase risk 3 times increase risk 5 fold increase risk -


References

  1. Kuhn M, Heman-Ackah SE, Shaikh JA, Roehm PC (2011). "Sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a review of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis". Trends Amplif. 15 (3): 91–105. doi:10.1177/1084713811408349. PMC 4040829. PMID 21606048.
  2. Huafeng Y, Hongqin W, Wenna Z, Yuan L, Peng X (2019). "Clinical characteristics and prognosis of elderly patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss". Acta Otolaryngol. 139 (10): 866–869. doi:10.1080/00016489.2019.1641218. PMID 31452421.
  3. Lin FR, Metter EJ, O'Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L (2011). "Hearing loss and incident dementia". Arch Neurol. 68 (2): 214–20. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.362. PMC 3277836. PMID 21320988.

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