Guillain-Barré syndrome history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.
Overview
Patients with Guillain Barre syndrome may have a positive history of: Prior infection with Campylobacter jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Haemophilus influenzae, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella zoster virus and HIV-1, recent vaccination with influenzae or rabies vaccine, limb tingling and paresthesia, lower extremity weakness and muscle pain.
Common symptoms of Guillain Barre syndrome include: Symmetrical ascending weakness and paralysis, tingling and paresthesia and pain.
History and Symptoms
History
- Patients with Guillain Barre syndrome may have a positive history of:
- Prior infection such as:
- Campylobacter jejuni:[1]
- Cytomegalovirus:[2]
- Respiratory infection, mononucleosis and flu-like symptoms.
- Haemophilus influenzae[3]
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Varicella zoster virus[4]
- HIV-1[5]
- Recent vaccination:[6][7]
- Limb tingling and paresthesia
- Lower extremity weakness[8]
- muscle pain[9]
- Prior infection such as:
Common symptoms
Common symptoms of Guillain Barre syndrome include:
- Most of Guillain Barre syndrome cases can be diagnosed based on partially symmetrical ascending weakness and paralysis.
- Can cause sensory symptoms such as tingling and paresthesia.[8]
- Because of nerve inflammation, in the acute phase of GBS patients complain of pain.[9]
- Some of the features may be specific to different subgroups of GBS.
- Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy:[10](4)
- It affects lower extremities first and then involves upper extremities, trunk, neck and cranial nerves.
- It can involve sensory neurons.
- Deep sensation is the most affected sense.
- It causes areflexia
- In AIDP we may see autonomic involvement such as changes in heart rate and blood pressure and urinary retention.
- Acute motor axonal neuropathy/Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy:[11][12]
- Can causes hyperreflexia.
- Autonomic dysfunction in absent or mild.
- AMSAN can causes severe type of GBS with slow recovery
- Miller Fisher syndrome[13]
- This type of GBS causes ophthalmoplegia.
- The reflexes are absence.
- There is gait abnormalities (Ataxia).
- Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy:[10](4)
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of Guillain Barre syndrome include:
- Symptoms of papilledema such as
- Involuntary facial movement (facial myokymia)[15]
- Hearing loss[16]
- Difficulty speaking (vocal cord paralysis)[17]
- Mental status changes[18]
References
- ↑ Hughes RA, Rees JH (December 1997). "Clinical and epidemiologic features of Guillain-Barré syndrome". J. Infect. Dis. 176 Suppl 2: S92–8. PMID 9396689.
- ↑ Kuwabara S, Ogawara K, Koga M, Mori M, Hattori T, Yuki N (August 1999). "Hyperreflexia in Guillain-Barré syndrome: relation with acute motor axonal neuropathy and anti-GM1 antibody". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 67 (2): 180–4. PMC 1736477. PMID 10406985.
- ↑ Mori M, Kuwabara S, Miyake M, Dezawa M, Adachi-Usami E, Kuroki H, Noda M, Hattori T (April 1999). "Haemophilus influenzae has a GM1 ganglioside-like structure and elicits Guillain-Barré syndrome". Neurology. 52 (6): 1282–4. PMID 10214761.
- ↑ Winer JB, Hughes RA, Anderson MJ, Jones DM, Kangro H, Watkins RP (May 1988). "A prospective study of acute idiopathic neuropathy. II. Antecedent events". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 51 (5): 613–8. PMC 1033063. PMID 3404161.
- ↑ Berger JR, Difini JA, Swerdloff MA, Ayyar DR (September 1987). "HIV seropositivity in Guillain-Barré syndrome". Ann. Neurol. 22 (3): 393–4. doi:10.1002/ana.410220320. PMID 3674806.
- ↑ Hemachudha T, Griffin DE, Chen WW, Johnson RT (March 1988). "Immunologic studies of rabies vaccination-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome". Neurology. 38 (3): 375–8. PMID 2450302.
- ↑ Safranek TJ, Lawrence DN, Kurland LT, Culver DH, Wiederholt WC, Hayner NS, Osterholm MT, O'Brien P, Hughes JM (May 1991). "Reassessment of the association between Guillain-Barré syndrome and receipt of swine influenza vaccine in 1976-1977: results of a two-state study. Expert Neurology Group". Am. J. Epidemiol. 133 (9): 940–51. PMID 1851395.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Mattle, Heinrich (2017). Fundamentals of neurology : an illustrated guide. Stuttgart New York: Thieme. ISBN 9783131364524.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Moulin DE, Hagen N, Feasby TE, Amireh R, Hahn A (February 1997). "Pain in Guillain-Barré syndrome". Neurology. 48 (2): 328–31. PMID 9040715.
- ↑ Template:Victor, M., 2001. Diseases of spinal cord peripheral nerve and muscle. Principles of Neurology
- ↑ Kuwabara S, Ogawara K, Koga M, Mori M, Hattori T, Yuki N (August 1999). "Hyperreflexia in Guillain-Barré syndrome: relation with acute motor axonal neuropathy and anti-GM1 antibody". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 67 (2): 180–4. PMC 1736477.
- ↑ Kuwabara S, Nakata M, Sung JY, Mori M, Kato N, Hattori T, Koga M, Yuki N (July 2002). "Hyperreflexia in axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome subsequent to Campylobacter jejuni enteritis". J. Neurol. Sci. 199 (1–2): 89–92. PMID 12084449.
- ↑ Mori M, Kuwabara S, Fukutake T, Yuki N, Hattori T (April 2001). "Clinical features and prognosis of Miller Fisher syndrome". Neurology. 56 (8): 1104–6. PMID 11320188.
- ↑ JOYNT RJ (January 1958). "Mechanism of production of papilledema in the Guillain-Barre syndrome". Neurology. 8 (1): 8–12. PMID 13493684.
- ↑ Mateer JE, Gutmann L, McComas CF (March 1983). "Myokymia in Guillain-Barré syndrome". Neurology. 33 (3): 374–6. PMID 6681885.
- ↑ Nelson KR, Gilmore RL, Massey A (August 1988). "Acoustic nerve conduction abnormalities in Guillain-Barré syndrome". Neurology. 38 (8): 1263–6. PMID 3399076.
- ↑ Panosian MS, Quatela VC (February 1993). "Guillain-Barré syndrome presenting as acute bilateral vocal cord paralysis". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 108 (2): 171–3. doi:10.1177/019459989310800211. PMID 8441543.
- ↑ Cochen V, Arnulf I, Demeret S, Neulat ML, Gourlet V, Drouot X, Moutereau S, Derenne JP, Similowski T, Willer JC, Pierrot-Deseiligny C, Bolgert F (November 2005). "Vivid dreams, hallucinations, psychosis and REM sleep in Guillain-Barré syndrome". Brain. 128 (Pt 11): 2535–45. doi:10.1093/brain/awh585. PMID 16000335.