Giant cell tumor of bone
For patient information, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: Osteoclastoma; giant cell myeloma; giant cell tumor
Overview
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiology
Giant cell tumor of bone occurs commonly in the distal femur, the proximal tibia, the distal radius and the sacrum. Giant cell tumors (GCT) usually prefers the epiphyses of long bones.[1]
Causes
Epidemiology and Demographics
Giant cell tumor of the bone accounts for 4-5% of primary bone tumors and 18.2% of benign bone tumors [2].
Age
- Giant cell tumor is more common in young adults between 20 and 40 years of age.
Gender
- Giant cell tumor of bone is more common in females with the rate of growth enhanced in pregnancy.
Risk Factors
Screening
Differentiating Giant cell tumor of bone from other Diseases
A number of tumors have giant cells, but are not true benign giant cell tumors. These include
- Aneurysmal bone cyst
- Chondroblastoma
- Simple bone cyst
- Osteoid osteoma
- Osteoblastoma
- Osteosarcoma
- Giant cell reparative granuloma
- Brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Staging
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X Ray
CT
MRI
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
References
- ↑ Shrivastava, Sandeep; Nawghare, Shishir P; Kolwadkar, Yogesh; Singh, Pradeep (2008). "Giant cell tumour in the diaphysis of radius – a report". Cases Journal. 1 (1): 106. doi:10.1186/1757-1626-1-106. ISSN 1757-1626.
- ↑ Gamberi G, Serra M, Ragazzini P, Magagnoli G, Pazzaglia L, Ponticelli F, Ferrari C, Zanasi M, Bertoni F, Picci P, Benassi MS (2003). "Identification of markers of possible prognostic value in 57 giant cell tumors of bone". Oncology Reports. 10 (2): 351–6. PMID 12579271. Retrieved 2012-01-18.