Gamma-aminobutyric acid: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{DrugProjectFormSinglePage | ||
|ImageFile=Gamma-Aminobuttersäure - gamma-aminobutyric acid.svg | |authorTag={{Ammu}} | ||
|ImageSize=230 | |OTC=Yes | ||
| | |genericName=[[gamma.-aminobutyric acid]] | ||
|IUPACName=4-aminobutanoic acid | |aOrAn=an | ||
|OtherNames= | |drugClass=[[anxiolytic]] | ||
|indicationType=treatment | |||
|indication=[[epilepsy]] | |||
|adverseReactions=[[hypersensitivity]] | |||
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span> | |||
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span></i> | |||
* Content | |||
<!--Adult Indications and Dosage--> | |||
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)--> | |||
|fdaLIADAdult=* Adults and children 5 to 10 drops orally, 1 time daily or as otherwise directed by a health care professional. If symptoms persist, consult your health care professional. * Consult a physician for use in children under 12 years of age. | |||
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients. | |||
<!--Non–Guideline-Supported Use (Adult)--> | |||
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=* [[Epilepsy]], [[tardive dyskinesia]], [[spasicity]] | |||
|fdaLIADPed=There is limited information regarding <i>FDA-Labeled Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients. | |||
<!--Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)--> | |||
<!--Guideline-Supported Use (Pediatric)--> | |||
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients. | |||
<!--Non–Guideline-Supported Use (Pediatric)--> | |||
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients. | |||
<!--Contraindications--> | |||
|contraindications=* [[Hypersensitivity]] to [[GABA]] | |||
|warnings=* WARNINGS: If [[pregnant]] or [[breast-feeding]], ask a health professional before use. | |||
|clinicalTrials=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Trial Experience</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
|postmarketing=* Visual defects with vigabatrin administration. | |||
* [[Flushing]], [[euphoria]], [[anxiety]]. | |||
* Increased [[blood pressure]] and [[heart rate]]. | |||
|drugInteractions=<!--Use in Specific Populations--> | |||
|useInPregnancyFDA=* '''Pregnancy Category''' | |||
|useInPregnancyAUS=* '''Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category''' | |||
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of {{PAGENAME}} in women who are pregnant. | |||
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery. | |||
|useInNursing=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to nursing mothers. | |||
|useInPed=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to pediatric patients. | |||
|useInGeri=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to geriatric patients. | |||
|useInGender=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific gender populations. | |||
|useInRace=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific racial populations. | |||
|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment. | |||
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment. | |||
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males. | |||
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised. | |||
<!--Administration and Monitoring--> | |||
|administration=* [[Oral]] | |||
|monitoring=There is limited information regarding <i>Monitoring</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--IV Compatibility--> | |||
|IVCompat=There is limited information regarding <i>IV Compatibility</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Overdosage--> | |||
|overdose=There is limited information regarding <i>Chronic Overdose</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Pharmacology--> | |||
<!--Drug box 2--> | |||
|drugBox={{chembox2 | |||
| Verifiedfields = changed | |||
| Watchedfields = changed | |||
| verifiedrevid = 476992474 | |||
| Name=''gamma''-Aminobutyric acid | |||
| ImageFile = Gamma-Aminobuttersäure - gamma-aminobutyric acid.svg | |||
| ImageSize = 230 | |||
| ImageName = Simplified structural formula | |||
| ImageFile1 = GABA 3D ball.png | |||
| ImageSize1 = 230 | |||
| ImageName1 = C=black, H=white, O=red, N=blue | |||
| ImageAlt1 = GABA molecule | |||
| IUPACName = 4-aminobutanoic acid | |||
| OtherNames= | |||
|Section1= {{Chembox Identifiers | |Section1= {{Chembox Identifiers | ||
| CASNo=56-12-2 | | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | ||
| | | UNII = 2ACZ6IPC6I | ||
| SMILES=C(CC(=O)O)CN | | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ||
| ChEMBL = 96 | |||
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | |||
| KEGG = D00058 | |||
| InChI = 1/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) | |||
| InChIKey = BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYAC | |||
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| StdInChI = 1S/C4H9NO2/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h1-3,5H2,(H,6,7) | |||
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| StdInChIKey = BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | |||
| CASNo=56-12-2 | |||
| PubChem=119 | |||
| EINECS = 200-258-6 | |||
| RTECS = ES6300000 | |||
| IUPHAR_ligand = 1067 | |||
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| ChemSpiderID = 116 | |||
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | |||
| DrugBank = DB02530 | |||
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | |||
| ChEBI = 16865 | |||
| SMILES=C(CC(=O)O)CN | |||
| MeSHName=gamma-Aminobutyric+Acid | | MeSHName=gamma-Aminobutyric+Acid | ||
}} | }} | ||
|Section2= {{Chembox Properties | |Section2= {{Chembox Properties | ||
| Formula=C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> | | Formula=C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> | ||
| MolarMass=103. | | MolarMass=103.120 g/mol | ||
| Appearance= | | Appearance=white microcrystalline powder | ||
| Density= | | Density=1.11 g/mL | ||
| | | MeltingPtC=203.7 | ||
| | | BoilingPtC=247.9 | ||
| Solubility= | | pKa=4.23 (carboxyl), 10.43 (amino)<ref>{{cite book | editor = Dawson RMC, Elliot DC, Elliot WH, Jones KM |title=Data for Biochemical Research |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1959}}{{page needed|date=May 2013}}</ref> | ||
| Solubility= 130 g/100 mL | |||
| LogP = −3.17 | |||
}} | }} | ||
|Section3= {{Chembox Hazards | |Section3= {{Chembox Hazards | ||
| MainHazards= | | MainHazards= Irritant, Harmful | ||
| FlashPt= | | FlashPt= | ||
| Autoignition= | | Autoignition= | ||
| LD50 = 12,680 mg/kg (mouse, oral) | |||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
== | |mechAction=<!--Structure--> | ||
|structure=<!--Pharmacodynamics--> | |||
|PD=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacodynamics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Pharmacokinetics--> | |||
|PK=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacokinetics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Nonclinical Toxicology--> | |||
|nonClinToxic=There is limited information regarding <i>Nonclinical Toxicology</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Clinical Studies--> | |||
|clinicalStudies=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Studies</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
== | <!--How Supplied--> | ||
|packLabel=<!--Patient Counseling Information--> | |||
|fdaPatientInfo=There is limited information regarding <i>Patient Counseling Information</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label. | |||
<!--Precautions with Alcohol--> | |||
|alcohol=* Alcohol-{{PAGENAME}} interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication. | |||
= | <!--Brand Names--> | ||
|brandNames=* GABA PHENOLIC ®<ref>{{Cite web | title =GABA PHENOLIC - .gamma.-aminobutyric acid liquid | url =http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=01416ec2-130a-4c93-8b60-d16d8827084d }}</ref> | |||
= | <!--Look-Alike Drug Names--> | ||
|drugShortage= | |||
}} | |||
= | {{LabelImage | ||
|fileName=GABA 01.jpg | |||
}} | |||
{{LabelImage | |||
|fileName=DailyMed - GABA PHENOLIC - .gamma.-aminobutyric acid liquid .png | |||
}} | |||
<!--Pill Image--> | |||
<!--Label Display Image--> | |||
<!--Category--> | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Drug]] | ||
[[Category:Neurotransmitters]] | [[Category:Neurotransmitters]] | ||
[[Category:Amino acids]] | [[Category:Amino acids]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:31, 3 April 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]
Disclaimer
WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.
NOTE: Most over the counter (OTC) are not reviewed and approved by the FDA. However, they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies.
Overview
Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an anxiolytic that is FDA approved for the treatment of epilepsy. Common adverse reactions include hypersensitivity.
Adult Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
- Adults and children 5 to 10 drops orally, 1 time daily or as otherwise directed by a health care professional. If symptoms persist, consult your health care professional. * Consult a physician for use in children under 12 years of age.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in adult patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
Pediatric Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in pediatric patients.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)
Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in pediatric patients.
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in pediatric patients.
Contraindications
Warnings
- WARNINGS: If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical Trials Experience
There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Postmarketing Experience
- Visual defects with vigabatrin administration.
- Flushing, euphoria, anxiety.
- Increased blood pressure and heart rate.
Drug Interactions
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid Drug Interactions in the drug label.
Use in Specific Populations
Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Category
- Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in women who are pregnant.
Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid during labor and delivery.
Nursing Mothers
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid with respect to nursing mothers.
Pediatric Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid with respect to pediatric patients.
Geriatic Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid with respect to geriatric patients.
Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid with respect to specific gender populations.
Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid with respect to specific racial populations.
Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in patients with renal impairment.
Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in patients with hepatic impairment.
Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in women of reproductive potentials and males.
Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in patients who are immunocompromised.
Administration and Monitoring
Administration
Monitoring
There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Overdosage
There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Pharmacology
Template:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox entryTemplate:Chembox ECNumberTemplate:Chembox E numberTemplate:Chembox RTECSTemplate:Chembox AppearanceTemplate:Chembox DensityTemplate:Chembox MeltingPtTemplate:Chembox BoilingPtTemplate:Chembox SolubilityInWaterTemplate:Chembox LogPTemplate:Chembox pKaTemplate:Chembox MainHazardsTemplate:Chembox Lethal amounts (set)Template:Chembox SupplementTemplate:Chembox header2 | gamma-Aminobutyric acid | |
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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|
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 879: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 879: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
KEGG | |
MeSH | gamma-Aminobutyric+Acid |
PubChem CID
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UNII | |
| |
| |
Properties | |
C4H9NO2 | |
Molar mass | 103.120 g/mol |
Hazards | |
Template:Chembox header2 | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
Mechanism of Action
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid Mechanism of Action in the drug label.
Structure
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid Structure in the drug label.
Pharmacodynamics
There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Pharmacokinetics
There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Nonclinical Toxicology
There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Clinical Studies
There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
How Supplied
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid How Supplied in the drug label.
Storage
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid Storage in the drug label.
Images
Drug Images
{{#ask: Page Name::Gamma-aminobutyric acid |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}
Package and Label Display Panel
{{#ask: Label Page::Gamma-aminobutyric acid |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}
Patient Counseling Information
There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Gamma-aminobutyric acid in the drug label.
Precautions with Alcohol
- Alcohol-Gamma-aminobutyric acid interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
Brand Names
- GABA PHENOLIC ®[2]
Look-Alike Drug Names
There is limited information regarding Gamma-aminobutyric acid Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.
Drug Shortage Status
Price
References
The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Dawson RMC, Elliot DC, Elliot WH, Jones KM, ed. (1959). Data for Biochemical Research. Oxford: Clarendon Press.page needed] [
- ↑ "GABA PHENOLIC - .gamma.-aminobutyric acid liquid".
{{#subobject:
|Label Page=Gamma-aminobutyric acid |Label Name=GABA 01.jpg
}}
{{#subobject:
|Label Page=Gamma-aminobutyric acid |Label Name=DailyMed - GABA PHENOLIC - .gamma.-aminobutyric acid liquid .png
}}
- Pages with script errors
- CS1 maint: Multiple names: editors list
- Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2013
- Articles with invalid date parameter in template
- Articles with changed EBI identifier
- ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata
- Chemical articles with unknown parameter in Chembox
- Drug
- Neurotransmitters
- Amino acids