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==Overview==
==Overview==
Faget's [[sign (medicine)|sign]] is the unusual constellation of [[fever]] and [[bradycardia]].
Faget's [[sign (medicine)|sign]] is the unusual constellation of [[fever]] and [[bradycardia]].
==Historical Perspective==
Feget's sign is named after [[Jean Charles Faget]], who characterized it in 1859.<ref>Jean-Charles Faget. Études médicale de quelques questions importantes pour la Louisiane, et exposé succinct d’une endémie paludéenne de forme catarrhale qui a sévi à la Nouvelle-Orléans, particulièrement sur les enfants, pendant l’epidémie de fièvre jaune de 1858. New Orleans, 1859.</ref><ref name="www.whonamedit.com">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Whonamedit - Faget's sign | url = http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/3753.html | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 14 July 2013 }}</ref>


==Pathophysiology==
==Pathophysiology==
In general, [[fever]] is accompanied by [[tachycardia]] rather than [[bradycardia]]. In fact, for each increase in temperature of one degree Fahrenheit, there is a commensurate increase in the [[heart rate]] of 10 beats/min. This relationship between increase in temperature and increase in heart rate is known as Liebermeister's rule.<ref name="Cunha-2000">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cunha | first1 = BA. | title = The diagnostic significance of relative bradycardia in infectious disease. | journal = Clin Microbiol Infect | volume = 6 | issue = 12 | pages = 633-4 | month = Dec | year = 2000 | doi =  | PMID = 11284920 }}</ref> When [[fever]] is associated with [[bradyacrdia]] it is refered to as the Faget's sign.
In general, [[fever]] is accompanied by [[tachycardia]] rather than [[bradycardia]]. In fact, for each increase in temperature of one degree Fahrenheit, there is a commensurate increase in the [[heart rate]] of 10 beats/min. This relationship between increase in temperature and increase in heart rate is known as Liebermeister's rule.<ref name="Cunha-2000">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Cunha | first1 = BA. | title = The diagnostic significance of relative bradycardia in infectious disease. | journal = Clin Microbiol Infect | volume = 6 | issue = 12 | pages = 633-4 | month = Dec | year = 2000 | doi =  | PMID = 11284920 }}</ref> When [[fever]] is associated with [[bradyacrdia]] it is refered to as the Faget's sign.
==Historical Perspective==
Feget's sign is named after [[Jean Charles Faget]], who characterized it in 1859.<ref>Jean-Charles Faget. Études médicale de quelques questions importantes pour la Louisiane, et exposé succinct d’une endémie paludéenne de forme catarrhale qui a sévi à la Nouvelle-Orléans, particulièrement sur les enfants, pendant l’epidémie de fièvre jaune de 1858. New Orleans, 1859.</ref><ref name="www.whonamedit.com">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Whonamedit - Faget's sign | url = http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/3753.html | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = 14 July 2013 }}</ref>


==Causes==
==Causes==

Revision as of 14:21, 21 July 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Template:GCC

Overview

Faget's sign is the unusual constellation of fever and bradycardia.

Historical Perspective

Feget's sign is named after Jean Charles Faget, who characterized it in 1859.[1][2]

Pathophysiology

In general, fever is accompanied by tachycardia rather than bradycardia. In fact, for each increase in temperature of one degree Fahrenheit, there is a commensurate increase in the heart rate of 10 beats/min. This relationship between increase in temperature and increase in heart rate is known as Liebermeister's rule.[3] When fever is associated with bradyacrdia it is refered to as the Faget's sign.

Causes

Common Causes

Faget's sign is commonly seen among patients with yellow fever. Other common causes of Feget's sign include the following:

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Beta blocker, drug fever
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Cyclic neutropenia
Hematologic Babesiosis, cyclic neutropenia, lymphoma, malaria
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Atypical pneumonia, babesiosis, brucellosis, campylobacter fetus, chagas disease, chlamydia, chlamydophila psittaci, colorado tick fever virus, coxiella burnetii, cytomegalovirus mononucleosis, dengue fever, ehrlichia canis, enteric fever, francisella tularensis, group A streptococcus, Guanarito virus, Junin virus, Legionnaires' disease, leishmaniasis, leptospirosis, listeria monocytogenes, Machupo virus, malaria, mycoplasma, orientia tsutsugamushi, plasmodium vivax , Q fever, rickettsiosis, rickettsia typhi, rocky mountain spotted fever, salmonella enterica, typhoid fever, viral hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Central nevous system lesion
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Lymphoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Atypical pneumonia
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Factitious fever

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. Jean-Charles Faget. Études médicale de quelques questions importantes pour la Louisiane, et exposé succinct d’une endémie paludéenne de forme catarrhale qui a sévi à la Nouvelle-Orléans, particulièrement sur les enfants, pendant l’epidémie de fièvre jaune de 1858. New Orleans, 1859.
  2. "Whonamedit - Faget's sign". Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Cunha, BA. (2000). "The diagnostic significance of relative bradycardia in infectious disease". Clin Microbiol Infect. 6 (12): 633–4. PMID 11284920. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Johnson, DH.; Cunha, BA. (1993). "Atypical pneumonias. Clinical and extrapulmonary features of Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella infections". Postgrad Med. 93 (7): 69–72, 75–6, 79–82. PMID 8493198. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. Senanayake, S. (2006). "Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever--a diagnostic challenge". Aust Fam Physician. 35 (8): 609–12. PMID 16894436. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. Erdogan, H.; Erdogan, A.; Lakamdayali, H.; Yilmaz, A.; Arslan, H. (2010). "Travel-associated Legionnaires disease: clinical features of 17 cases and a review of the literature". Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 68 (3): 297–303. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.023. PMID 20955914. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. Wittesjö, B.; Björnham, A.; Eitrem, R. (1999). "Relative bradycardia in infectious diseases". J Infect. 39 (3): 246–7. PMID 10714809. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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