Eosinophiluria: Difference between revisions

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<br><br>'''To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click [[Urine#Algorithm of Common Urinary Findings|here]]'''<br>
==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Eosinophiluria''' is the abnormal presence of [[eosinophil]]s in the [[urine]]. It can be associated with a wide variety of conditions, including [[urinary tract infection]] or [[kidney]] disorders such as [[acute interstitial nephritis]].
'''Eosinophiluria''' is the presence of [[eosinophil]]s in the [[urine]] either in the form of free eosinophils or eosinophils in casts. The use of Hansel's stain for detecting urinary eosinophils has been associated with a higher sensitivity than using Wright's stain.<ref name="pmid2431314">{{cite journal | author = Nolan CR, Anger MS, Kelleher SP | title = Eosinophiluria--a new method of detection and definition of the clinical spectrum | journal = [[The New England Journal of Medicine]] | volume = 315 | issue = 24 | pages = 1516–9 | year = 1986 | month = December | pmid = 2431314 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM198612113152404 | url = http://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJM198612113152404?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed | issn = }}</ref> The presence of any degree of eosinophiluria is considered to be pathologic<ref name="pmid2444100">{{cite journal | author = Corwin HL, Haber MH | title = The clinical significance of eosinophiluria | journal = [[American Journal of Clinical Pathology]] | volume = 88 | issue = 4 | pages = 520–2 | year = 1987 | month = October | pmid = 2444100 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref> and has been noted in a wide variety of genitourinary diseases including acute interstitial nephritis, atheroembolic renal disease, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, IgA nephropathy, cystitis, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, postinfectious glomerulonephritis, obstructive nephropathy, urinary tract infection, and acute rejection of a renal allograft.<ref name="pmid2458885">{{cite journal | author = Nolan CR, Kelleher SP | title = Eosinophiluria | journal = [[Clinics in Laboratory Medicine]] | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 555–65 | year = 1988 | month = September | pmid = 2458885 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid3535716">{{cite journal | author = Sutton JM | title = Urinary eosinophils | journal = [[Archives of Internal Medicine]] | volume = 146 | issue = 11 | pages = 2243–4 | year = 1986 | month = November | pmid = 3535716 | doi = | url = http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=146&page=2243 | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid4004436">{{cite journal | author = Corwin HL, Korbet SM, Schwartz MM | title = Clinical correlates of eosinophiluria | journal = [[Archives of Internal Medicine]] | volume = 145 | issue = 6 | pages = 1097–9 | year = 1985 | month = June | pmid = 4004436 | doi = | url = http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=145&page=1097 | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid5339460">{{cite journal | author = Spencer ES, Petersen VP | title = The urinary sediment after renal transplantation. Quantitative changes as an index of the activity of the renal allograft reaction | journal = [[Acta Medica Scandinavica]] | volume = 182 | issue = 1 | pages = 73–82 | year = 1967 | month = July | pmid = 5339460 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid18379530">{{cite journal | author = Kaye M, Gagnon RF | title = Acute allergic interstitial nephritis and eosinophiluria | journal = [[Kidney International]] | volume = 73 | issue = 8 | pages = 980 | year = 2008 | month = April | pmid = 18379530 | doi = 10.1038/sj.ki.5002777 | url = http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ki.5002777 | issn = }}</ref>


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Acute interstitial nephritis]]
*[[Cholesterol embolism | Atheroembolic renal disease]]
*[[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]]
*[[Urinary tract infection]]
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cholesterol embolism]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute interstitial nephritis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ileal conduit surgery]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Interstitial cystitis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute rejection of a renal allograft]], [[Ileal conduit surgery]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cystitis]], [[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]], [[Prostatitis]], [[Pyelonephritis]], [[Schistosoma haematobium]], [[Urinary tract infection]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bladder cancer]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute interstitial nephritis]], [[Acute rejection of a renal allograft]], [[Chronic renal failure]], [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[IgA nephropathy]], [[Obstructive nephropathy]], [[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]], [[Pyelonephritis]], [[Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute interstitial nephritis]], [[Acute rejection of a renal allograft]], Atheroembolic renal disease, [[Churg-Strauss syndrome]], [[IgA nephropathy]], [[Interstitial cystitis]], [[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bladder cancer]], [[Cystitis]], [[Interstitial cystitis]], [[Obstructive nephropathy]], [[Prostatitis]], [[Urinary tract infection]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Interstitial cystitis]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Acute  interstitial nephritis]]
*[[Transplant rejection#Acute rejection|Acute rejection of a renal allograft]]
*[[Cholesterol embolism | Atheroembolic renal disease]]
*[[Bladder cancer]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
*[[Churg-Strauss syndrome]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Cystitis]]
*[[IgA nephropathy]]
*[[Ileal conduit urinary diversion]]
*[[Interstitial cystitis]]
*[[Obstructive nephropathy]]
*[[Postinfectious glomerulonephritis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Prostatitis]]
*[[Pyelonephritis]]
*[[Rapidly progressive  glomerulonephritis]]
*[[Schistosoma haematobium]]
*[[Urinary tract infection]]
{{col-end}}
==Reference==
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
* [http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/145/6/1097 Clinical correlates of eosinophiluria]


[[Category:Medical signs]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]


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{{WikiDoc Sources}}
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Latest revision as of 17:44, 4 June 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click here

Overview

Eosinophiluria is the presence of eosinophils in the urine either in the form of free eosinophils or eosinophils in casts. The use of Hansel's stain for detecting urinary eosinophils has been associated with a higher sensitivity than using Wright's stain.[1] The presence of any degree of eosinophiluria is considered to be pathologic[2] and has been noted in a wide variety of genitourinary diseases including acute interstitial nephritis, atheroembolic renal disease, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, IgA nephropathy, cystitis, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, postinfectious glomerulonephritis, obstructive nephropathy, urinary tract infection, and acute rejection of a renal allograft.[3][4][5][6][7]

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cholesterol embolism
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Acute interstitial nephritis
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Ileal conduit surgery
Genetic Interstitial cystitis
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Acute rejection of a renal allograft, Ileal conduit surgery
Infectious Disease Cystitis, Postinfectious glomerulonephritis, Prostatitis, Pyelonephritis, Schistosoma haematobium, Urinary tract infection
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Bladder cancer
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Acute interstitial nephritis, Acute rejection of a renal allograft, Chronic renal failure, Churg-Strauss syndrome, IgA nephropathy, Obstructive nephropathy, Postinfectious glomerulonephritis, Pyelonephritis, Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Acute interstitial nephritis, Acute rejection of a renal allograft, Atheroembolic renal disease, Churg-Strauss syndrome, IgA nephropathy, Interstitial cystitis, Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic Bladder cancer, Cystitis, Interstitial cystitis, Obstructive nephropathy, Prostatitis, Urinary tract infection
Miscellaneous Interstitial cystitis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Reference

  1. Nolan CR, Anger MS, Kelleher SP (1986). "Eosinophiluria--a new method of detection and definition of the clinical spectrum". The New England Journal of Medicine. 315 (24): 1516–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM198612113152404. PMID 2431314. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. Corwin HL, Haber MH (1987). "The clinical significance of eosinophiluria". American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 88 (4): 520–2. PMID 2444100. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. Nolan CR, Kelleher SP (1988). "Eosinophiluria". Clinics in Laboratory Medicine. 8 (3): 555–65. PMID 2458885. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. Sutton JM (1986). "Urinary eosinophils". Archives of Internal Medicine. 146 (11): 2243–4. PMID 3535716. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. Corwin HL, Korbet SM, Schwartz MM (1985). "Clinical correlates of eosinophiluria". Archives of Internal Medicine. 145 (6): 1097–9. PMID 4004436. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. Spencer ES, Petersen VP (1967). "The urinary sediment after renal transplantation. Quantitative changes as an index of the activity of the renal allograft reaction". Acta Medica Scandinavica. 182 (1): 73–82. PMID 5339460. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. Kaye M, Gagnon RF (2008). "Acute allergic interstitial nephritis and eosinophiluria". Kidney International. 73 (8): 980. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5002777. PMID 18379530. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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