Ectopic pregnancy epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Ectopic pregnancy}}
{{Ectopic pregnancy}}
{{CMG}}, [[User:MoisesRomo|Moises Romo, M.D.]]
{{CMG}}, [[User:MoisesRomo|Moises Romo, M.D.]]
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==Overview==
==Overview==
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Ectopic pregnancy (EP) remains one of the few life threatening diseases where the incidence is increasing (19.7/1000 pregnancies in 1992) but the mortality is decreasing.
Ectopic pregnancy (EP) remains one of the few life threatening diseases where the incidence is increasing (19.7/1000 pregnancies in 1992) but the mortality is decreasing.


== Epidemiology and Demographics ==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
 
=== Prevalence ===
Prevalence is defined as the total number of cases of a disease in a given at-risk population at a specific time.
 
Note: For diseases specific to one gender, such as prostate cancer, only male patients are considered in the equation since only male patients are the at-risk population.
 
When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a prevalence as 10.1 instead of 10.09322. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
 
You can use one or more of these template sentences.
 
Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In ____ (insert year), the prevalence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
 
=== Incidence ===
 
* Worldwide, ectopic pregnancies occur in 1-2% of all pregnancies.<ref name="BrüggmannKollascheck2017">{{cite journal|last1=Brüggmann|first1=Dörthe|last2=Kollascheck|first2=Jana|last3=Quarcoo|first3=David|last4=Bendels|first4=Michael H|last5=Klingelhöfer|first5=Doris|last6=Louwen|first6=Frank|last7=Jaque|first7=Jenny M|last8=Groneberg|first8=David A|title=Ectopic pregnancy: exploration of its global research architecture using density-equalising mapping and socioeconomic benchmarks|journal=BMJ Open|volume=7|issue=10|year=2017|pages=e018394|issn=2044-6055|doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018394}}</ref>
* In developing countries, the incidence of ectopic pregnancies range between 0.4% in places such as Middle East and India, and over 4% reported in certain African countries, such as Ghana.<ref name="GoyauxLeke2003">{{cite journal|last1=Goyaux|first1=Nathalie|last2=Leke|first2=Robert|last3=Keita|first3=Namory|last4=Thonneau|first4=Patrick|title=Ectopic pregnancy in African developing countries|journal=Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica|volume=82|issue=4|year=2003|pages=305–312|issn=00016349|doi=10.1034/j.1600-0412.2003.00175.x}}</ref>
* In developed countries, such as The United States, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 197 new cases per 100,000 persons.<ref name="urlEctopic Pregnancy - American Family Physician">{{cite web |url=https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0215/p1080.html#:~:text=Ectopic%20pregnancy%20occurs%20at%20a,mortality%20in%20the%20first%20trimester. |title=Ectopic Pregnancy - American Family Physician |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
Incidence is defined as the number of new cases per population in a given time period.
 
The standard format to report the incidence is ___ per 100,000 individuals.
 
When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a incidence as 10.1 instead of 10.09322. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
 
You can pick one or more of the template sentences below for this section:
 
Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
19.7 cases per 1,000 '''pregnancies''' in North America and is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester.
 
In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
 
In ____ (insert year), the incidence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.


=== Case Fatality Rate ===
===Prevalence===
The case fatality rate is defined the number of deaths (fatality) among patients with the disease (case). Case fatality rate should be distinguished from "Mortality Rate" (defined as the number of deaths among the at-risk population).
===Incidence===


The case fatality rate is usually described as a function of time (e.g. In 2015 / annually etc...).
*Worldwide, ectopic pregnancies occur in 1-2% of all pregnancies.
*In developing countries, the incidence of ectopic pregnancies range between 0.4% of all pregnancies in places such as Middle East and India, and over 4% reported in certain African countries, such as Ghana.
*In developed countries, such as The United States, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 197 new cases per 100,000 persons.


When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report the case fatality rate as 10.1% instead of 10.09322%. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
===Case Fatality Rate===


You can pick the template sentence below for this section:
* Ectopic pregnancies account for 3-4% of all pregnancy-related deaths in The United States.<ref name="BergCallaghan2010">{{cite journal|last1=Berg|first1=Cynthia J.|last2=Callaghan|first2=William M.|last3=Syverson|first3=Carla|last4=Henderson|first4=Zsakeba|title=Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the United States, 1998 to 2005|journal=Obstetrics & Gynecology|volume=116|issue=6|year=2010|pages=1302–1309|issn=0029-7844|doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181fdfb11}}</ref>
* Case-fatality ratio has greatly decreased in The United States in the last decades, from 1.2 per 100,000 live births in 1980 to 0.5 per 100,000 live births in 2007.<ref name="CreangaShapiro-Mendoza2011">{{cite journal|last1=Creanga|first1=Andreea A.|last2=Shapiro-Mendoza|first2=Carrie K.|last3=Bish|first3=Connie L.|last4=Zane|first4=Suzanne|last5=Berg|first5=Cynthia J.|last6=Callaghan|first6=William M.|title=Trends in Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality in the United States|journal=Obstetrics & Gynecology|volume=117|issue=4|year=2011|pages=837–843|issn=0029-7844|doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10}}</ref>
* Among the deaths from ectopic pregnancies in hospitalized women between 1998 and 2007, 70.5% were tubal pregnancies.<ref name="pmid21422853">{{cite journal |vauthors=Creanga AA, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Bish CL, Zane S, Berg CJ, Callaghan WM |title=Trends in ectopic pregnancy mortality in the United States: 1980-2007 |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=117 |issue=4 |pages=837–843 |date=April 2011 |pmid=21422853 |doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10 |url=}}</ref>
* In lately years (2008-2010), from the women who died from ectopic pregnancies, 1.8 deaths per 100,000 live births died from hypovolemic shock from hemorrage as compared with 0.3 deaths per 100,000 live births in 1999-2008.<ref name="urlEctopic Pregnancy Mortality — Florida, 2009–2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6106a2.htm#:~:text=Approximately%201%25%E2%80%932%25%20of,2003%E2%80%932007%20(4). |title=Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality — Florida, 2009–2010 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>


In ____ (year), the case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is ____ (case fatality rate in %).
===Age===


The annual case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is approximately ____ (case fatality rate in %).
* Ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio was 3.5 times higher for women older than 35 years than those younger than 25 years during 2003-2007 in The United States.<ref name="pmid21422853" />


=== Age ===
This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.
This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.


Line 84: Line 35:
_____ (insert chronic disease) is usually first diagnosed among _____ (insert age group).
_____ (insert chronic disease) is usually first diagnosed among _____ (insert age group).


=== Gender ===
===Gender===
This section describe how prevalence of the disease varies by gender. When describing male to female ratios with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a ratio as as 1.5 to 1 instead of 1.48294 to 1. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy. You can use either of the following template sentences:
 
______ (insert gender 1) are more commonly affected with ______ (insert disease name) than _____ (insert gender 2). The _____ (insert gender ratio e.g. male to female) ratio is approximately _____ (insert number > 1) to 1.
 
The prevalence and incidence of (insert disease state here) does not vary by gender.
 
Men and women are affected equally by (insert disease name here).
 
(Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in men women.
 
The prevalence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.
 
The incidence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.


=== Race ===
* Ectopic pregnancies, are unique to female gender.  
This section describes how the disease differs based upon race. You can use the following template sentence for this section:


The prevalence of _____ (insert disease) does not vary by race.
===Race===


(Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in the ____ (insert race) race and ____ (insert other race) races.
* Ectopic pregnancies usually affects individuals of thewhite race.Hispanic individuals are less likely to develop ectopic pregnancies.<ref name="pmid214228532">{{cite journal |vauthors=Creanga AA, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Bish CL, Zane S, Berg CJ, Callaghan WM |title=Trends in ectopic pregnancy mortality in the United States: 1980-2007 |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=117 |issue=4 |pages=837–843 |date=April 2011 |pmid=21422853 |doi=10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10 |url=}}</ref>
* Ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio was 6.8 times higher for African Americans than whites than those of white race during 2003-2007 in The United States.<ref name="pmid21422853" />


There is no racial predilection for ____ (insert disease name)
=== Other factors ===


_____ (insert disease) usually affects individuals of the _____ (insert race) race. _____ (insert other race) individuals are less likely to develop ______ (disease name).
* Drug abuse, unmarried status, no insurance, and had less than a high school education were factors associated with higher incidence of death in patients with ectopic pregnancies.<ref name="urlEctopic Pregnancy Mortality — Florida, 2009–2010" />


=== Developed Countries ===
===Developed Countries===
In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developed countries.
In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developed countries.


Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.
Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.


=== Developing Countries ===
===Developing Countries===
In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developing countries.
In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developing countries.


Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.
Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.


== Preferred Template Statements ==
==Preferred Template Statements==
IF the incidence/prevalence of the disease is known:
IF the incidence/prevalence of the disease is known:


Line 171: Line 109:
References[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]


References should be cited for the material that you have put on your page. Type in{{reflist|2}}.This will generate your references in small font, in two columns, with links to the original article and abstract.
For information on how to add references into your page, click here
==References==
==References==


Revision as of 02:04, 16 February 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Moises Romo, M.D.

Overview

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) remains one of the few life threatening diseases where the incidence is increasing (19.7/1000 pregnancies in 1992) but the mortality is decreasing.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

Incidence

  • Worldwide, ectopic pregnancies occur in 1-2% of all pregnancies.
  • In developing countries, the incidence of ectopic pregnancies range between 0.4% of all pregnancies in places such as Middle East and India, and over 4% reported in certain African countries, such as Ghana.
  • In developed countries, such as The United States, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 197 new cases per 100,000 persons.

Case Fatality Rate

  • Ectopic pregnancies account for 3-4% of all pregnancy-related deaths in The United States.[1]
  • Case-fatality ratio has greatly decreased in The United States in the last decades, from 1.2 per 100,000 live births in 1980 to 0.5 per 100,000 live births in 2007.[2]
  • Among the deaths from ectopic pregnancies in hospitalized women between 1998 and 2007, 70.5% were tubal pregnancies.[3]
  • In lately years (2008-2010), from the women who died from ectopic pregnancies, 1.8 deaths per 100,000 live births died from hypovolemic shock from hemorrage as compared with 0.3 deaths per 100,000 live births in 1999-2008.[4]

Age

  • Ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio was 3.5 times higher for women older than 35 years than those younger than 25 years during 2003-2007 in The United States.[3]

This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.

The prevalence of ____ (insert disease state here) increases/decreases with age.

_____ (insert acute disease) commonly affects _____ (insert age group).

_____ (insert chronic disease) is usually first diagnosed among _____ (insert age group).

Gender

  • Ectopic pregnancies, are unique to female gender.

Race

  • Ectopic pregnancies usually affects individuals of thewhite race.Hispanic individuals are less likely to develop ectopic pregnancies.[5]
  • Ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio was 6.8 times higher for African Americans than whites than those of white race during 2003-2007 in The United States.[3]

Other factors

  • Drug abuse, unmarried status, no insurance, and had less than a high school education were factors associated with higher incidence of death in patients with ectopic pregnancies.[4]

Developed Countries

In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developed countries.

Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.

Developing Countries

In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developing countries.

Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.

Preferred Template Statements

IF the incidence/prevalence of the disease is known:

The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.

IF the case-fatality rate is also known, you may use either of the following template statements:

In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of [number range]%.

The case-fatality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].

IF details about prevalence according to age/race/sex are known:

Age:

Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].

The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.

[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.

Race:

There is no racial predilection to [disease name].

[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].

Sex:

[Disease name] affects men and women equally.

[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

IF details about prevalence by region are known:

The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].

If additional details are known about the patient population in which the disease is typically diagnosed, they may be included here. Supplementary template statements include:

[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].

[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].

[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].

References[edit | edit source]

References

  1. ↑ Berg, Cynthia J.; Callaghan, William M.; Syverson, Carla; Henderson, Zsakeba (2010). "Pregnancy-Related Mortality in the United States, 1998 to 2005". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 116 (6): 1302–1309. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181fdfb11. ISSN 0029-7844.
  2. ↑ Creanga, Andreea A.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Bish, Connie L.; Zane, Suzanne; Berg, Cynthia J.; Callaghan, William M. (2011). "Trends in Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality in the United States". Obstetrics & Gynecology. 117 (4): 837–843. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10. ISSN 0029-7844.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Creanga AA, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Bish CL, Zane S, Berg CJ, Callaghan WM (April 2011). "Trends in ectopic pregnancy mortality in the United States: 1980-2007". Obstet Gynecol. 117 (4): 837–843. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10. PMID 21422853.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality — Florida, 2009–2010".
  5. ↑ Creanga AA, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Bish CL, Zane S, Berg CJ, Callaghan WM (April 2011). "Trends in ectopic pregnancy mortality in the United States: 1980-2007". Obstet Gynecol. 117 (4): 837–843. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10. PMID 21422853.

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