Echinococcus multilocularis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
Echinococcus multilocularis is a cyclophyllid [[cestode]] that, like ''[[Echinococcus granulosus]]'', produces [[hydatid disease]] in many mammals, including [[rodent]]s and humans. Unlike ''E. granulosus,'' ''E multilocularis'' produces many small cysts ("multilocular infection") that spread throughout the infected animal. When these cysts are ingested by a canid, usually by eating an infected rodent, it produces heavy infection with [[tapeworm]] adults. | |||
==Organism== | |||
Echinococcus multilocularis is a cyclophyllid [[cestode]] that, like ''[[Echinococcus granulosus]]'', produces [[hydatid disease]] in many mammals, including [[rodent]]s and humans. Unlike ''E. granulosus,'' ''E multilocularis'' produces many small cysts ("multilocular infection") that spread throughout the infected animal. When these cysts are ingested by a canid, usually by eating an infected rodent, it produces heavy infection with [[tapeworm]] adults. | |||
These adults produce eggs and proglottids that are passed with feces. Small rodents serve as the most common intermediate hosts, but humans that ingest eggs or proglottids may also become infected. | These adults produce eggs and proglottids that are passed with feces. Small rodents serve as the most common intermediate hosts, but humans that ingest eggs or proglottids may also become infected. | ||
A study by Purdue veterinary parasitologists indicated that the disease is spreading throughout the American Midwest, where it was previously rare or nonexistent. Additionally, the disease has extended its range in Europe in the last few decades[http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no7/03-1027-G.htm]. | A study by Purdue veterinary parasitologists indicated that the disease is spreading throughout the American Midwest, where it was previously rare or nonexistent. Additionally, the disease has extended its range in Europe in the last few decades[http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no7/03-1027-G.htm]. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
===Antimicrobial therapy=== | ===Antimicrobial therapy=== | ||
:* '''Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar cyst disease) treatment'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref> | :* '''Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar cyst disease) treatment'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref> | ||
::* Preferred regimen: If ≥ 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 400 mg PO bid or if < 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 15 mg/kg/day PO bid with meals for at least 2 years | ::* Preferred regimen: If ≥ 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 400 mg PO bid or if < 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 15 mg/kg/day PO bid with meals for at least 2 years. | ||
::* Note: Wide surgical resection only reliable treatment; technique evolving. | ::* Note (1): Wide surgical resection only reliable treatment; technique evolving. | ||
::* Note (2): Long-term follow up needed to evaluate progression of the lesions. | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Alveolar hydatid disease]] | *[[Alveolar hydatid disease]] | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{Link FA|de}} | {{Link FA|de}} | ||
[[category: Parasites]] | [[category: Parasites]] | ||
[[category: Parasitic diseases]] | [[category: Parasitic diseases]] | ||
[[Category: Infectious Disease Project]] | |||
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{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:02, 10 August 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Echinococcus multilocularis is a cyclophyllid cestode that, like Echinococcus granulosus, produces hydatid disease in many mammals, including rodents and humans. Unlike E. granulosus, E multilocularis produces many small cysts ("multilocular infection") that spread throughout the infected animal. When these cysts are ingested by a canid, usually by eating an infected rodent, it produces heavy infection with tapeworm adults.
Organism
Echinococcus multilocularis is a cyclophyllid cestode that, like Echinococcus granulosus, produces hydatid disease in many mammals, including rodents and humans. Unlike E. granulosus, E multilocularis produces many small cysts ("multilocular infection") that spread throughout the infected animal. When these cysts are ingested by a canid, usually by eating an infected rodent, it produces heavy infection with tapeworm adults. These adults produce eggs and proglottids that are passed with feces. Small rodents serve as the most common intermediate hosts, but humans that ingest eggs or proglottids may also become infected. A study by Purdue veterinary parasitologists indicated that the disease is spreading throughout the American Midwest, where it was previously rare or nonexistent. Additionally, the disease has extended its range in Europe in the last few decades[2].
Treatment
Antimicrobial therapy
- Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar cyst disease) treatment[1]
- Preferred regimen: If ≥ 60 kg Albendazole 400 mg PO bid or if < 60 kg Albendazole 15 mg/kg/day PO bid with meals for at least 2 years.
- Note (1): Wide surgical resection only reliable treatment; technique evolving.
- Note (2): Long-term follow up needed to evaluate progression of the lesions.
See Also
References
- ↑ Gilbert, David (2014). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808782.