Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Once symptoms develop, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is rapidly progressive and almost always fatal. Early symptoms are often non-specific. Patients' relatives usually report rapidly progressive dementia, personality changes, uncontrolled sporadic laughter, and sleep disorders. The majority of patients (85% of patients) die within 1 year of symptom-onset. Common complications of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease include overwhelming infections, congestive heart failure, or respiratory failure.

Natural History

• Once symptoms develop, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is rapidly progressive and almost always fatal.
• Early symptoms are often non-specific. Patients' relatives usually report rapidly progressive dementia, personality changes, and sleep disorders.
• The majority of patients (85% of patients) die within 1 year of symptom-onset, often due to complicatioons succh as overwhelming infections, congestive heart failure, or respiratory failure.

Complications

Complications of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease include the following:

• Infection
• Heart failure
• Respiratory failure
• Death

Prognosis

• The prognosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is very poor.
• Patients usually die within 6 to 12 months of symptom-onset.
• A few reports described individuals surviving beyond than 1 or 2 years after diagnosis.

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