Clindamycin
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
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Black Box Warning
|
WARNING
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including CLEOCIN HCl and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon, leading to overgrowth of C. difficle.
Because CLEOCIN HCl therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section. It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections. C. difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated. |
Overview
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Adult Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult) in the drug label.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)
Guideline-Supported Use
Indications and Dosing
- Due to risk of severe colitis, reserve use of clindamycin for serious infections when other options are inappropriate.
- Babesiosis: 600 mg ORALLY every 8 hours plus quinine 650 mg ORALLY every 6 to 8 hours for 7 to 10 days.
- Bacterial endocarditis; Prophylaxis: (high-risk patients; dental, respiratory, or infected skin/skin structure or musculoskeletal tissue procedures) 600 mg ORALLY 30 to 60 minutes prior to procedure.
- Bacterial infectious disease (Severe), Susceptible infections due to anaerobic organisms, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci: 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections (manufacturer dosing); (MRSA-associated) 300 to 450 mg ORALLY 3 times daily for cellulitis and 600 mg ORALLY 3 times daily for complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs), pneumonia, and bone and joint infections; duration is 5 to 10 days for cellulitis, 7 to 14 days for hospital-associated cSSTIs, 7 to 21 days for pneumonia, 8 weeks for osteomyelitis, and 3 to 4 weeks for septic arthritis (guideline dosing).
- Bacterial vaginosis: 300 mg ORALLY twice daily for 7 days.
- HIV infection - Pneumocystis pneumonia: 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 to 8 hours, in combination with primaquine 15 to 30 mg (base) ORALLY once daily for 21 days.
- HIV infection - Toxoplasmosis: (encephalitis) alternative therapy, 600 mg ORALLY every 6 hours, in combination with pyrimethamine 200 mg ORALLY for 1 dose, then 50 mg (less than 60 kg) or 75 mg (60 kg or greater) ORALLY daily plus leucovorin 10 to 25 mg (can increase to 50 mg) ORALLY daily for at least 6 weeks.
- HIV infection - Toxoplasmosis; Prophylaxis: secondary prophylaxis (alternative regimen), 600 mg ORALLY every 8 hours, in combination with pyrimethamine 25 to 50 mg ORALLY daily plus leucovorin 10 to 25 mg ORALLY daily.
- Impetigo: (Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) 300 to 400 mg ORALLY 4 times daily for 7 days, depending on clinical response (guideline dosing).
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections (manufacturer dose) [4]; MRSA-associated, 300 mg to 450 mg ORALLY 3 times daily for 5 to 10 days (purulent and nonpurulent cellulitis) or 600 mg ORALLY 3 times daily (complicated skin and soft tissue infections [cSSTIs]), generally for 7 to 14 days for hospital-associated cSSTIs; individualize to patient response.
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA, 300 to 450 mg ORALLY 3 or [5] 4 times daily [8]; for purulent or nonpurulent cellulitis continue treatment for 5 to 10 days.
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): MRSA, complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs), 600 mg ORALLY 3 times daily, generally for 7 to 14 days for hospital-associated cSSTIs; individualize to patient response (guideline dose).
- Infectious disease of abdomen: 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections.
- Lower respiratory tract infection (Severe), Empyema, abscess, pneumonitis: 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease: 900 mg IV every 8 hours plus gentamicin (IV or IM) loading dose of 2 mg/kg, followed by 1.5 mg/kg every 8 hours (single daily dosing of gentamicin 3 to 5 mg/kg may be substituted); discontinue IV/IM therapy 24 hours after clinical improvement and continue on clindamycin 450 mg ORALLY 4 times daily or doxycycline 100 mg ORALLY twice daily to complete a total of 14 days of therapy (guideline dosing).
- Pelvic inflammatory disease: 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections (manufacturer dosing) .
- Septicemia: 150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections.
- Streptococcal pharyngitis: (penicillin-allergic patients) 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 divided doses (MAX 1.8 g/day).
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Clindamycin in adult patients.
Pediatric Indications and Dosage
FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.
Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)
Guideline-Supported Use
Indications and Dosage
- Due to risk of severe colitis, reserve use of clindamycin for serious infections when other options are inappropriate.
- Acute otitis media: 30 to 40 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 divided doses for 5 to 7 days (6 years or older with mild to moderate illness), 7 days (2 to 5 years with mild to moderate illness), or 10 days (younger than 2 years or with severe illness).
- Babesiosis: 7 to 10 mg/kg ORALLY every 6 to 8 hours (MAX 600 mg/dose) plus quinine 8 mg/kg ORALLY every 8 hours (MAX 650 mg/dose) for 7 to 10 days.
- Bacterial endocarditis; Prophylaxis: (high-risk patients; dental, respiratory, or infected skin/skin structure or musculoskeletal tissue procedures) 20 mg/kg ORALLY 30 to 60 minutes prior to procedure.
- Bacterial infectious disease (Severe), Susceptible infections due to anaerobic organisms, staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci: 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; use 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections; (MRSA-associated infections) 40 mg/kg/day orally divided every 6 to 8 hours (guideline dosing).
- HIV infection - Toxoplasmosis: (congenital toxoplasmosis) 5 to 7.5 mg/kg/dose (MAX 600 mg/dose) ORALLY 4 times daily plus pyrimethamine 2 mg/kg ORALLY once daily for 2 days, then 1 mg/kg ORALLY once daily for 2 to 6 months, then 1 mg/kg ORALLY 3 times weekly plus leucovorin 10 mg ORALLY or IM with each dose of pyrimethamine; total treatment duration is 12 months.
- HIV infection - Toxoplasmosis: (acquired toxoplasmosis) 5 to 7.5 mg/kg/dose (MAX 600 mg/dose) ORALLY 4 times daily plus pyrimethamine 2 mg/kg (MAX 50 mg) ORALLY once daily for 3 days, then 1 mg/kg (MAX 25 mg) ORALLY once daily plus leucovorin 10 to 25 mg ORALLY daily; continue for at least 6 weeks, followed by secondary prophylaxis.
- HIV infection - Toxoplasmosis; Prophylaxis: secondary prophylaxis (alternative regimen), 20 to 30 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided into 3 to 4 doses plus pyrimethamine 1 mg/kg or 15 mg/m(2) (MAX 25 mg) ORALLY daily plus leucovorin 5 mg ORALLY every 3 days.
- Impetigo: (Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species) 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 divided doses for 7 days, depending on clinical response (guideline dosing).
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; use 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections (manufacturer dose).
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, 25 to 30 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 divided doses (guideline dose).
- Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue (Severe): MRSA, 30 to [8] 40 mg/kg/day [8][5] ORALLY in 3 or 4 divided doses (guideline dose).
- Infectious disease of abdomen: 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; use 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections .
- Lower respiratory tract infection (Severe), Empyema, abscess, pneumonitis: 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; use 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections.
- Lower respiratory tract infection (Severe), Empyema, abscess, pneumonitis: community-acquired pneumonia (older than 3 months) 30 to 40 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 to 4 divided doses (guideline dosing).
- Pelvic inflammatory disease: 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; use 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections.
- Septicemia: 8 to 16 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours; 16 to 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY divided every 6 to 8 hours for more severe infections.
Streptococcal pharyngitis: (penicillin-allergic patients) 20 mg/kg/day ORALLY in 3 divided doses (MAX 1.8 g/day)
Non–Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Clindamycin in pediatric patients.
Contraindications
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Contraindications in the drug label.
Warnings
|
WARNING
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including CLEOCIN HCl and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon, leading to overgrowth of C. difficle.
Because CLEOCIN HCl therapy has been associated with severe colitis which may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section. It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections. C. difficile produces toxins A and B, which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated. |
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Warnings' in the drug label.
Adverse Reactions
Clinical Trials Experience
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Clinical Trials Experience in the drug label.
Postmarketing Experience
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.
Drug Interactions
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Drug Interactions in the drug label.
Use in Specific Populations
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category (FDA):
There is no FDA guidance on usage of Clindamycin in women who are pregnant.
Pregnancy Category (AUS):
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Clindamycin in women who are pregnant.
Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of Clindamycin during labor and delivery.
Nursing Mothers
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in women who are nursing.
Pediatric Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in pediatric settings.
Geriatic Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in geriatric settings.
Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin with respect to specific gender populations.
Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin with respect to specific racial populations.
Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in patients with renal impairment.
Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in patients with hepatic impairment.
Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Clindamycin in women of reproductive potentials and males.
Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of Clindamycin in patients who are immunocompromised.
Administration and Monitoring
Administration
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Administration in the drug label.
Monitoring
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Monitoring in the drug label.
IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding the compatibility of Clindamycin and IV administrations.
Overdosage
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.
Pharmacology
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Pharmacology in the drug label.
Mechanism of Action
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Mechanism of Action in the drug label.
Structure
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Structure in the drug label.
Pharmacodynamics
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Pharmacodynamics in the drug label.
Pharmacokinetics
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Pharmacokinetics in the drug label.
Nonclinical Toxicology
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Nonclinical Toxicology in the drug label.
Clinical Studies
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Clinical Studies in the drug label.
How Supplied
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin How Supplied in the drug label.
Storage
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Storage in the drug label.
Images
Drug Images
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Package and Label Display Panel
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Patient Counseling Information
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Patient Counseling Information in the drug label.
Precautions with Alcohol
Alcohol-Clindamycin interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
Brand Names
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Brand Names in the drug label.
Look-Alike Drug Names
There is limited information regarding Clindamycin Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.
Drug Shortage Status
Price
References
The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.