Chickenpox screening: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Children are [[Vaccination|vaccinated]] against [[chickenpox]] and most adults generally may have been [[Infection (disambiguation)|infected]] with [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] in their early years. Hence, general population | Children are [[Vaccination|vaccinated]] against [[chickenpox]] and most adults generally may have been [[Infection (disambiguation)|infected]] with [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] in their early years. Hence, screening for general population is not recommended. But testing for [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] or for the [[antibodies]] produced in response to [[Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Infections|VZV infection]] may be performed when required. | ||
==Screening== | ==Screening== | ||
* [[Screening (medicine)|Screening]] is not routinely used to diagnose active cases of [[chickenpox]]. | * [[Screening (medicine)|Screening]] is not routinely used to diagnose active cases of [[chickenpox]]. | ||
* Children are [[Vaccination|vaccinated]] and most adults generally may have been [[Infection (disambiguation)|infected]] with [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] in their early years. Hence, general population | * Children are [[Vaccination|vaccinated]] and most adults generally may have been [[Infection (disambiguation)|infected]] with [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] in their early years. Hence, [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] for general population is not recommended. Testing for [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] or for the [[antibodies]] produced in response to [[Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Infections|VZV infection]] may be performed when required. | ||
* Screening tests are recommended for people without symptoms | * [[Screening (medicine)|Screening]] tests are recommended for people without [[symptoms]], who are at higher risk of acquiring [[chickenpox]]. | ||
* [[Blood]] tests are done to measure the levels of [[antibodies]] in the blood which indicates whether the individual has developed an [[Immunity (medical)|immunity]] to [[chickenpox]] from previous [[infection]] or a missed [[immunization]]. | * [[Blood]] tests are done to measure the levels of [[antibodies]] in the [[blood]], which indicates whether the individual has developed an [[Immunity (medical)|immunity]] to [[chickenpox]] from previous [[infection]] or a missed [[immunization]]. | ||
* Testing for [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] or for the [[antibodies]] produced in response to [[Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Infections|VZV infection]] may be performed | * Testing for [[Varicella zoster virus|VZV]] or for the [[antibodies]] produced in response to [[Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Infections|VZV infection]] may be performed for [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] purposes. Also, [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] may be advised for [[newborns]], [[pregnant]] women, prior to [[organ transplantation]], and in those with [[HIV AIDS|HIV/AIDS]]. | ||
===Antenatal screening=== | ===Antenatal screening=== | ||
*Routine antenatal [[Chickenpox|varicella]] screening of all [[Pregnancy|pregnant]] women with negative or indeterminate [[varicella]] histories is not cost-effective. It could be cost-effective in groups of women with increased exposure risk | *Routine [[antenatal]] [[Chickenpox|varicella]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] of all [[Pregnancy|pregnant]] women with negative or indeterminate [[varicella]] histories is not cost-effective. It could be cost-effective in groups of women with increased exposure risk.<ref name="pmid9540934">{{cite journal |vauthors=Glantz JC, Mushlin AI |title=Cost-effectiveness of routine antenatal varicella screening |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=91 |issue=4 |pages=519–28 |year=1998 |pmid=9540934 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Screening in Healthcare Workers=== | ===Screening in Healthcare Workers=== | ||
*A study shows that 26% to 55% of healthcare workers with no history of [[chickenpox]] and who | *A study shows that 26% to 55% of healthcare workers with no history of [[chickenpox]] and who test negative for [[antibody]] against [[Chickenpox|varicella]] require [[vaccination]]. Hence, in healthcare facilities, [[varicella]] [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] and [[vaccination]] should be offered to all healthcare workers.<ref name="pmid15098642">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chong CY, Lim SH, Ng WY, Tee N, Lin RV |title=Varicella screening and vaccination for healthcare workers at KK Women's and Children's Hospital |journal=Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=243–7 |year=2004 |pmid=15098642 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:44, 16 August 2017
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Chickenpox Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Chickenpox screening On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chickenpox screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Children are vaccinated against chickenpox and most adults generally may have been infected with VZV in their early years. Hence, screening for general population is not recommended. But testing for VZV or for the antibodies produced in response to VZV infection may be performed when required.
Screening
- Screening is not routinely used to diagnose active cases of chickenpox.
- Children are vaccinated and most adults generally may have been infected with VZV in their early years. Hence, screening for general population is not recommended. Testing for VZV or for the antibodies produced in response to VZV infection may be performed when required.
- Screening tests are recommended for people without symptoms, who are at higher risk of acquiring chickenpox.
- Blood tests are done to measure the levels of antibodies in the blood, which indicates whether the individual has developed an immunity to chickenpox from previous infection or a missed immunization.
- Testing for VZV or for the antibodies produced in response to VZV infection may be performed for screening purposes. Also, screening may be advised for newborns, pregnant women, prior to organ transplantation, and in those with HIV/AIDS.
Antenatal screening
- Routine antenatal varicella screening of all pregnant women with negative or indeterminate varicella histories is not cost-effective. It could be cost-effective in groups of women with increased exposure risk.[1]
Screening in Healthcare Workers
- A study shows that 26% to 55% of healthcare workers with no history of chickenpox and who test negative for antibody against varicella require vaccination. Hence, in healthcare facilities, varicella screening and vaccination should be offered to all healthcare workers.[2]
References
- ↑ Glantz JC, Mushlin AI (1998). "Cost-effectiveness of routine antenatal varicella screening". Obstet Gynecol. 91 (4): 519–28. PMID 9540934.
- ↑ Chong CY, Lim SH, Ng WY, Tee N, Lin RV (2004). "Varicella screening and vaccination for healthcare workers at KK Women's and Children's Hospital". Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. 33 (2): 243–7. PMID 15098642.