Cardiac diseases in AIDS pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Many observational studies have shown that HIV-infected patients are at an increased risk for developing a variety of cardiac diseases. With the introduction of HAART, longevity of HIV-infected patients increased, in turn leading to increased prevalence of cardiac and allied diseases. Inflammation and immune regulation leading to atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction and coagulation abnormalities have been proposed as the major factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases in AIDS. Compared to age-matched uninfected controls, HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death, even with effective anti-retroviral therapy.