Cardiac disease in pregnancy overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
Approximately 1-4% of pregnancies in the United States involve maternal cardiovascular disease. In fact, pregnancy can "unmask" underlying cardiovascular disease, due to hemodynamic changes associated with pregnancy. <ref name="pmid19329725">{{cite journal| author=Roos-Hesselink JW, Duvekot JJ, Thorne SA| title=Pregnancy in high risk cardiac conditions. | journal=Heart | year= 2009 | volume= 95 | issue= 8 | pages= 680-6 | pmid=19329725 | doi=10.1136/hrt.2008.148932 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19329725 }} </ref> With a careful pre-pregnancy evaluation, most women with cardiovascular disease can have a pregnancy with proper care. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
==Disorders Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnancy== | |||
Maternal cardiovascular disease includes (most commonly) congenital disease, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, valvular disease (with as mitral valve prolapse), pulmonary hypertension, and coronary disease. cardiac disease is now congenital in origin. Other cardiovascular problems seen include cardiomyopathies, both dilated and hypertrophic, and valvular disease, such as bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse. Less common problems include pulmonary hypertension and, rarely, coronary artery disease. Any of the above require a strategy regarding the frequency of follow-up by the cardiologist and a plan for labor and delivery.<ref name="pmid15020530">{{cite journal| author=Thorne SA| title=Pregnancy in heart disease. | journal=Heart | year= 2004 | volume= 90 | issue= 4 | pages= 450-6 | pmid=15020530 | doi= | pmc=PMC1768170 | url= }} | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
Siu et al. have developed a risk score for pregnant women with cardiovascular disease, and found that prior cardiac events or arrhythmia, poor functional class or cyanosis, left heart obstruction, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction independently predicted maternal cardiac complications.<ref name="pmid11479246">{{cite journal| author=Siu SC, Sermer M, Colman JM, Alvarez AN, Mercier LA, Morton BC et al.| title=Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease. | journal=Circulation | year= 2001 | volume= 104 | issue= 5 | pages= 515-21 | pmid=11479246 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===Physical Examination=== | |||
===ECG=== | |||
===Echocardiography=== | |||
==Treatment== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 01:44, 9 August 2011
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor In Chief: Anjan K. Chakrabarti, M.D. [2]
Overview
Approximately 1-4% of pregnancies in the United States involve maternal cardiovascular disease. In fact, pregnancy can "unmask" underlying cardiovascular disease, due to hemodynamic changes associated with pregnancy. [1] With a careful pre-pregnancy evaluation, most women with cardiovascular disease can have a pregnancy with proper care.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Disorders Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnancy
Maternal cardiovascular disease includes (most commonly) congenital disease, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, valvular disease (with as mitral valve prolapse), pulmonary hypertension, and coronary disease. cardiac disease is now congenital in origin. Other cardiovascular problems seen include cardiomyopathies, both dilated and hypertrophic, and valvular disease, such as bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse. Less common problems include pulmonary hypertension and, rarely, coronary artery disease. Any of the above require a strategy regarding the frequency of follow-up by the cardiologist and a plan for labor and delivery.
Diagnosis
Physical Examination
ECG
Echocardiography
Treatment
References
- ↑ Roos-Hesselink JW, Duvekot JJ, Thorne SA (2009). "Pregnancy in high risk cardiac conditions". Heart. 95 (8): 680–6. doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.148932. PMID 19329725.