Aspergillosis: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_Disease |
__NOTOC__
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
{{About1|Aspergillus}}
  Image          = Pulmonary aspergillosis (1) invasive type.jpg |
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
  Caption        = Histopathologic image of pulmonary invasive aspergillosis in a patient with interstitial pneumonia. Autopsy material. Grocott's methenamine silver stain. |
  DiseasesDB    = |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|B|44||b|35}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|117.3}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 001326 |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID        = D001228 |
}}
{{Aspergillosis}}
{{Aspergillosis}}
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{HL}}; {{YD}}; {{SSK}}<br>
{{SK}} Aspergillus infection; Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; ABPA; Allergic ''Aspergillus'' sinusitis; Allergic ''Aspergillus'' rhinosinusitis; Aspergilloma; Fungus ball; Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis; CCPA; Chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis; CCFA; Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis; CNPA; Invasive aspergillosis; Cutaneous aspergillosis; Aspergillose; Pseudotuberculosis; Brooder pneumonia; Asper mycosis; Mycotic pneumonia
 
<font color="#777777">
==[[Aspergillosis overview|Overview]]==


{{CMG}}
==[[Aspergillosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==Overview==
'''''Aspergillosis''''' is the name given to a wide variety of diseases caused by the [[genus]] of [[fungi]] ''[[Aspergillus]]''. The most common forms are [[allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]], pulmonary [[aspergilloma]] and invasive aspergillosis. Compromised [[immune system]]s often allow ''Aspergillus'' to colonize.


==Diagnosis==
==[[Aspergillosis classification|Classification]]==
On [[chest X-ray]] and [[computed tomography]] pulmonary aspergillosis classically manifests as an [[air crescent sign]].<!--
  --><ref>{{cite journal | author = Curtis A, Smith G, Ravin C | title = Air crescent sign of invasive aspergillosis. | journal = Radiology | volume = 133 | issue = 1 | pages = 17-21 | year = 1979 | month = Oct | id = PMID 472287 | url=http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/abstract/133/1/17?ijkey=657da61e6546d66bd27550542bc4d25be2efe638&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha}}</ref>


==Treatment==
==[[Aspergillosis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
The drugs [[amphotericin B]], [[caspofungin]], [[flucytosine]], [[itraconazole]], [[voriconazole]] <!--and posakonazole
  --><ref>{{cite journal | author = Herbrecht R, Denning D, Patterson T, Bennett J, Greene R, Oestmann J, Kern W, Marr K, Ribaud P, Lortholary O, Sylvester R, Rubin R, Wingard J, Stark P, Durand C, Caillot D, Thiel E, Chandrasekar P, Hodges M, Schlamm H, Troke P, de Pauw B; Invasive Fungal Infections Group of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Global Aspergillus Study Group. | title = Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 347 | issue = 6 | pages = 408-15 | year = 2002 | month = Aug 8 | id = PMID 12167683}}</ref>
are used to treat this [[fungal infection]].


==Notable Outbreaks==
==[[Aspergillosis causes|Causes]]==


'''''Aspergillosis''''' has been the culprit in several recent rapid die-offs among waterfowl.  From December 8-14, 2006 over 2,000 Mallards died in the Burley, Idaho area, an agricultural community approximately 150 miles southeast of Boise.  Moldy waste grain from the farmland and feedlots in the area is the suspected source.  A similar aspergillosis outbreak killed 500 mallards in Iowa in 2005.  Moldy grain was the cause in that case.
==[[Aspergillosis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Aspergillosis from other Diseases]]==


Mallards and other ducks are particularly susceptible to '''''Aspergillosis''''' as they will often resort to poor food sources during bad weather.
==[[Aspergillosis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


Albeit relatively rare in humans, aspergillosis is a common and dangerous infection in birds, particularly in pet parrots and parakeets.
==[[Aspergillosis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


While there is no connection between '''''Aspergillosis''''' and the H5N1 strain of [[Avian Influenza]] (commonly called "[[Avian flu|bird flu]]"), the rapid die-offs it causes can spark fears of a [[bird-flu]] outbreak in the communities where the die-offs occur.  There is no outwardly visible sign off the fungal infection as the cause; laboratory analysis is the only way to prove or disprove [[bird-flu]] or '''''Aspergillosis'''''.
==[[Aspergillosis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==References==
==Diagnosis==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>
[[Aspergillosis diagnostic criteria|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Aspergillosis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Aspergillosis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Aspergillosis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Aspergillosis chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Aspergillosis CT|CT]] | [[Aspergillosis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


==External links==
==Treatment==
*[http://www.aspergillus.org.uk/ Aspergillus] - aspergillus.org.uk
[[Aspergillosis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Aspergillosis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Aspergillosis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Aspergillosis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
*[http://www.doctorfungus.org/mycoses/human/aspergillus/aspergillosis.htm Aspergillosis] -doctorfungus.org
*[http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/ USGS National Wildlife Health Center] - www.nwhc.usgs.gov


{{Mycoses}}
==Case Studies==
{{SIB}}
[[Aspergillosis case study one|Case #1]]


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[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
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Latest revision as of 16:44, 18 September 2017

This page is about clinical aspects of the disease.  For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Aspergillus.

For patient information click here

Aspergillosis Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

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Epidemiology and Demographics

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

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CT

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Medical Therapy

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]; Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.
Synonyms and keywords: Aspergillus infection; Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; ABPA; Allergic Aspergillus sinusitis; Allergic Aspergillus rhinosinusitis; Aspergilloma; Fungus ball; Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis; CCPA; Chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis; CCFA; Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis; CNPA; Invasive aspergillosis; Cutaneous aspergillosis; Aspergillose; Pseudotuberculosis; Brooder pneumonia; Asper mycosis; Mycotic pneumonia

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Aspergillosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | CT | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1