Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Physical Examination
Common physical examination findings of Anti-NMDA encephalitis include:
- Systemic and neurological symptoms lack specificity. The clinical examination does not reveal any indicators of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In patients with a constellation of movement disorder, seizures, and mental issues, a low suspicion threshold is warranted. Patients exhibit symptoms of widespread encephalopathy, suggesting neurologic impairment of subcortical, limbic, and frontostriatal circuitry. Some features of neurological disorders include
- orofacial dysostosis, dyskinesis, choreoathetosis, dystonia, oculogyric crises, stiffness, pelvic thrusting and opisthotonic posture.
- Multiple altered states of consciousness are possible. Infrequently, signs of elevated intracranial pressure may be observed in the aftermath of protracted status epilepticus.
- In addition to mobility difficulties, a neurologic examination may reveal nonspecific symptoms of diffuse cerebral dysfunction, such as increased deep tendon reflexes, extensor plantar responses, and tone abnormalities.
- Soft neurologic symptoms, including mild ataxia and difficulty with fine motor coordination, may also be present.
- tachycardia and hypertension, are signs of autonomic storming in patients.