Aggressive NK-cell leukemia: Difference between revisions
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===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
*Aggressive NK-cell leukemia usually affects individuals of the Asians race. | |||
*Aggressive NK-cell leukemia usually affects individuals of the | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include: | *Common risk factors in the development of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include: | ||
Revision as of 16:12, 5 May 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [5]
Synonyms and keywords: Synonym 1; Synonym 2; Synonym 3
Overview
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia is a disease with an aggressive, systemic proliferation of natural killer cells (NK cells) and a rapidly declining clinical course.[1][2][3]
Historical Perspective
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event].
Classification
- There is no classification system for aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of aggressive NK-cell leukemia is characterized by:
- The XXXX has been associated with the development of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, involving the [molecular pathway] pathway.
- On gross pathology, characteristic findings of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include:
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include:
Causes
- There are no established causes for aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
Differentiating Aggressive NK-cell Leukemia from Other Diseases
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as:
- [Differential dx1]
- [Differential dx2]
- [Differential dx3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
- The prevalence of aggressive NK-cell leukemia is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In [year], the incidence of aggressive NK-cell leukemia was estimated to be [number or range] cases per 100,000 individuals in [location].
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia is more commonly observed among patients aged [age range] years old.
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia is more commonly observed among [elderly patients/young patients/children].
Gender
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia affects men and women equally.
- [Gender 1] are more commonly affected with aggressive NK-cell leukemia than [gender 2].
- The [gender 1] to [Gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
Race
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia usually affects individuals of the Asians race.
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include:
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
- The majority of patients with aggressive NK-cell leukemia are symptomatic at diagnosis.
- Early clinical features include
- If left untreated, patients with aggressive NK-cell leukemia may progress to develop
- Common complications of aggressive NK-cell leukemia include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
- Prognosis is generally poor, and the median survival rate of patients with aggressive NK-cell leukemia is approximately 12 months.
Diagnosis
Symptoms
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia is usually asymptomatic.
- Symptoms of aggressive NK-cell leukemia may include the following:
- [symptom 1]
- [symptom 2]
- [symptom 3]
- [symptom 4]
- [symptom 5]
- [symptom 6]
Physical Examination
- Patients with aggressive NK-cell leukemia usually appear [general appearance].
- Physical examination may be remarkable for:
- [finding 1]
- [finding 2]
- [finding 3]
- [finding 4]
- [finding 5]
- [finding 6]
Laboratory Findings
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of aggressive NK-cell leukemia, include:
Imaging Findings
- [Imaging study 1] is the imaging modality of choice for aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
- On [imaging study 1], aggressive NK-cell leukemia is characterized by [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
- [Imaging study 2] may demonstrate [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Aggressive NK-cell leukemia may also be diagnosed using
- Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Treatment
Medical Therapy
- The mainstay of therapy for aggressive NK-cell leukemia is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
Surgery
- Surgery is not recommended among patients with aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
Prevention
- There are no primary preventive measures available for aggressive NK-cell leukemia.
References
- ↑ [1] Chan JK, Sin VC, Wong KF, Ng CS, Tsang WY, Chan CH, Cheung MM, Lau WH. "Nonnasal lymphoma expressing the natural killer cell marker CD56: a clinicopathologic study of 49 cases of an uncommon aggressive neoplasm." Blood. 1997 Jun 15;89(12):4501-13. PMID 9192774
- ↑ [2] Imamura N, Kusunoki Y, Kawa-Ha K, Yumura K, Hara J, Oda K, Abe K, Dohy H, Inada T, Kajihara H, et al. "Aggressive natural killer cell leukaemia/lymphoma: report of four cases and review of the literature. Possible existence of a new clinical entity originating from the third lineage of lymphoid cells." Br J Haematol. 1990 May;75(1):49-59. PMID 2375924
- ↑ [3] Chan JK. "Natural killer cell neoplasms." Anat Pathol. 1998;3:77-145. PMID 10389582