Adrenal insufficiency epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of adrenal insufficiency is approximately 0.8 new cases per 100,000 individuals per year individuals in the developed world. [1]
- The incidence of adrenal insufficiency in Europe is approximately 4.4 to 6.2 new cases per 100,000 individuals per year. [2]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of adrenal insufficiency is approximately 4-11 cases per 100,000 individuals in the developed world. [3]
- In 2016, Iceland reported the highest prevalence of 221 cases per 100,000 individuals. [4]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- The mortality rate of adrenal crisis is approximately 0.5/100 patients/year. [5]
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop adrenal insufficiency.
- Primary adrenal insufficiency commonly affects individuals between 30 to 50 years of age.
- Secondary adrenal insufficiency commonly affects individuals in the 60s. [6]
- The incidence of adrenal crisis increase with age greater than 60 years. [7]
Race
- There is no racial predilection to adrenal insufficiency [8]
Gender
- Females are more commonly affected by adrenal insufficiency than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2 to 1 for primary adrenal insufficiency. [9]
- Acute adrenal crisis affects males and females equally. [10]
Region
- The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
- [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ Melmed, Shlomo (2020). Williams textbook of endocrinology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323555968.
- ↑ Elshimy G, Alghoula F, Jeong JM. PMID 29763143. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Melmed, Shlomo (2020). Williams textbook of endocrinology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN 9780323555968.
- ↑ Elshimy G, Alghoula F, Jeong JM. PMID 29763143. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Elshimy G, Alghoula F, Jeong JM. PMID 29763143. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Hofland HJ, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Purnell J, Singer F, Stratakis CA, Trence DL, Wilson DP, Nicolaides NC, Chrousos GP, Charmandari E. PMID 25905309. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Elshimy G, Alghoula F, Jeong JM. PMID 29763143. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Hofland HJ, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Purnell J, Singer F, Stratakis CA, Trence DL, Wilson DP, Nicolaides NC, Chrousos GP, Charmandari E. PMID 25905309. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, Chrousos G, de Herder WW, Dungan K, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Hofland HJ, Kaltsas G, Koch C, Kopp P, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, Morley JE, New M, Purnell J, Singer F, Stratakis CA, Trence DL, Wilson DP, Nicolaides NC, Chrousos GP, Charmandari E. PMID 25905309. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Elshimy G, Alghoula F, Jeong JM. PMID 29763143. Missing or empty
|title=(help)