Acute diarrhea resident survival guide
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Definition
- Three or more bowel movements daily are considered to be abnormal, and the upper limit of stool weight is generally agreed to be 200 g daily.[1]
- Acute diarrhea has a duration of less than four weeks and is usually caused by an infection.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
Management
| Acute diarrhea (<4 wks) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hx PE | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Evaluation of Volume Status by Dhaka Method
| Assessment | No dehydration | Some dehydration† | Severe dehydration‡ |
| General condition | Normal | Irritable/less active* | Lethargic/comatose§ |
| Eyes | Normal | Sunken | - |
| Mucosa | Normal | Dry | - |
| Thirst | Normal | Thirsty | Unable to drink§ |
| Radial pulse | Normal | Low volume* | Absent/ uncountable§ |
| Skin turgor | Normal | Reduced | - |
†Some dehydration = At least two signs, including at least one key sign (*) are present
‡Severe dehydration = Signs of “some dehydration” plus at least one key sign (§) are present
Do's and Don'ts
References
- ↑ Sleisenger, Marvin H.; Feldman, Mark; Friedman, Lawrence S. (Lawrence Samuel); Brandt, Lawrence J. (2010). Sleisenger and Fordtran's gastrointestinal and liver disease : pathophysiology, diagnosis, managemen. Philadelphia , PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 1-4160-6189-4.