Choledocholithiasis overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Choledocholithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct. This condition causes jaundice and liver cell damage, and is a medical emergency, requiring the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure or surgical treatment. A tendency for this disease can be inherited.
Historical Perspective
There is limited information about the historical perspective of choledocholithiasis
Classification
Choledocholithiasis can be classified as Primary or Secondary. Primary Choledocholithiasis is classified based on gallstones formed directly within the biliary and obstructing the common bile duct. Primary Choledocholithiasis is composed of brownstones and is less common compared to secondary choledocholithiasis. Primary choledocholithiasis often affect the biliary tree diffusely and have both intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary stones. Intrahepatic stones may be complicated by recurrent pyogenic cholangitis.Secondary Choledocholithiasis is classified based on gallstones formed from the gallbladder and transported to block the common bile duct. This type of Choledocholithiasis is the most common type of Choledocholithiasis. The stone composition of secondary choledocholithiasis is similar to cholelithiasis with cholesterol stone as the most common type, and the cause is identical to the causes of gallstones.