Sialolithiasis diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Sialolithiasis is mainly diagnosed by history and physical examination. Diagnosis can be confirmed by computed tomography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance sialography, conventional sialography.
Study of choice:
Computed tomography
- High resolution noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scanning is the study of choice for the diagnosis of sialolithisis.[1]
- Most stones contain enough calcium, so they can be visible with noncontrast CT scan.
- The following results are seen in acute obstructive due to sialolithisis after administraion of contrast:
- The gland may appear enlarged
- Hyperdensity of gland with stranding
- In chronic sialolithisis, fatty atrophy and reduction in salivary gland parenchymal volume may be seen.
The comparison table for diagnostic studies of choice for sialolithiasis[2]
| Sensitivity | Specificity | |
|---|---|---|
| CT scan | % 98 | % 88 |
| Ultrasound | % 65 | % 80 |
✔= The best test based on the feature
Diagnostic results
The following result of [investigation name] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
- Result 1
- Result 2
Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
The [name of investigation] should be performed when:
- The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
- A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Here you should describe the details of the diagnostic criteria.
- Always mention the name of the criteria/definition you are about to list (e.g. modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of endocarditis / 3rd universal definition of MI) and cite the primary source of where this criteria/definition is found.
- Although not necessary, it is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
- Be very clear as to the number of criteria (or threshold) that needs to be met out of the total number of criteria.
- Distinguish criteria based on their nature (e.g. clinical criteria / pathological criteria/ imaging criteria) before discussing them in details.
- To view an example (endocarditis diagnostic criteria), click here
- If relevant, add additional information that might help the reader distinguish various criteria or the evolution of criteria (e.g. original criteria vs. modified criteria).
- You may also add information about the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, the pre-test probability, and other figures that may help the reader understand how valuable the criteria are clinically.
- [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
- There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
- Criteria 1
- Criteria 2
- Criteria 3
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria:
- There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Ellies, Maik; Laskawi, Rainer; Arglebe, Christian; Schott, Anngrit (1996). "Surgical management of nonneoplastic diseases of the submandibular gland". International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 25 (4): 285–289. doi:10.1016/S0901-5027(06)80058-5. ISSN 0901-5027.
- ↑ Thomas WW, Douglas JE, Rassekh CH (2017). "Accuracy of Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Sialendoscopy for Sialolithiasis". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 156 (5): 834–839. doi:10.1177/0194599817696308. PMID 28457224.