Gastrointestinal stromal tumor epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is approximately 1.0-1.60 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In United States, the annual incidence of GIST is approximately 1.54 cases per 100,000 individuals. Every year around 4000-5000 new cases of GIST are reported.
- The incidence of GIST in European nations is relatively similar to other countries. Population based studies have shown the following results:
- In Iceland, the annual incidence of GIST is approximately 1.2 cases per 100,000 individuals.
- In Sweden, the annual incidence of GIST is approximately 1.45 cases per 100,000 individuals.
- In Netherlands, the annual incidence of GIST is approximately 1.2 cases per 100,000 individuals.
- In Spain, the annual incidence of GIST is approximately 1.09 cases per 100,000 individuals.
- Recent studies have shown that the highest incidence of GIST have been reported in Hong Kong, Taiwan and northern Norway with an estimated 1.90-2.20 cases per 100,000 individuals.
Prevalence
- The prevalence of GIST is approximately 12.9 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- With the use of new tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, the prevalence of GIST is estimated to go upto 31.8 cases per 100,0000 individuals.
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop GIST.
- GIST commonly affects individuals older than 40 years of age with the median age of 60s.
- GIST is extremely rare in patients younger than 30 years of age.
Race
- A study based on Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry data found that GIST usually affects individuals of the white race (72.2%).
- The SEER study also concluded that Blacks and Hispanics individuals are less likely to develop GIST.[1]
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected by GIST than females.
- The male to female ratio is approximately 1.1 to 1.
Region
- The majority of GIST cases were reported in Hong Kong, Shanghai (China), Taiwan; and northern Norway, with a an estimated 19-22 cases per million per year.
References
- ↑ Cheung MC, Zhuge Y, Yang R, Koniaris LG (2009). "Disappearance of racial disparities in gastrointestinal stromal tumor outcomes". J. Am. Coll. Surg. 209 (1): 7–16. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.03.018. PMID 19651058.