Cementoblastoma

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List of terms related to Cementoblastoma

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Synonym 1; Synonym 2; Synonym 3

Overview

'Cementoblastoma (also known as benign cementoblastoma) is a relatively rare benign neoplasm of the cementum of the teeth. Cementoblastoma is derived from ectomesenchyme of odontogenic origin. Less than 0.69%–8% of all odontogenic tumors.

Historical Perspective

• Cementoblastoma was first discovered by Norberg in 1930.

Classification

• According to the World Health Organization, cementoblastoma is classified as a true cemental neoplasm.

Pathophysiology

• The pathogenesis of cementoblastoma is characterized by [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3].
• Cementoblastoma is commonly located in the mandibular molar area.
• There are no genetic mutations associated with the development of cementoblastoma.
• On gross pathology, characteristic findings of cementoblastoma, include:

• Dense homogenous, irregular, and spherical mass.
• Tooth root

• On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of cementoblastoma, include:

• Large globules fused to form a mass
• Composed of proliferative fibrovascular stroma
• Trabeculae lined by plump osteoblasts

Causes

• Common causes of cementoblastoma, include:

Differentiating Cementoblastoma from Other Diseases

• Cementoblastoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as:

• [Differential dx1]
• [Differential dx2]
• [Differential dx3]

Epidemiology and Demographics

• The prevalence of cementoblastoma is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
• In [year], the incidence of cementoblastoma was estimated to be [number or range] cases per 100,000 individuals in [location].

Age

• Patients of all age groups may develop cementoblastoma.

• Cementoblastoma is more commonly observed among patients aged 25 to 30 years old.
• Cementoblastoma is more commonly observed among young and middle aged adults.

Gender

• Cementoblastoma affects men and women equally.

Race

• There is no racial predilection for cementoblastoma.

Risk Factors

• Common risk factors in the development of cementoblastoma are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

• The majority of patients with cementoblastoma remain asymptomatic for [duration/years].
• Early clinical features include tooth pain, swelling, and
• If left untreated, [#%] of patients with cementoblastoma may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
• Common complications of cementoblastoma include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
• Prognosis is generally [excellent/good/poor], and the [1/5/10­year mortality/survival rate] of patients with cementoblastoma is approximately [#%].

Diagnosis

Symptoms

• Cementoblastoma is usually asymptomatic.
• Symptoms of cementoblastoma may include the following:

• [symptom 1]
• [symptom 2]
• [symptom 3]
• [symptom 4]
• [symptom 5]
• [symptom 6]

Physical Examination

• Patients with cementoblastoma usually appear [general appearance].
• Physical examination may be remarkable for:

• [finding 1]
• [finding 2]
• [finding 3]
• [finding 4]
• [finding 5]
• [finding 6]

Laboratory Findings

• There are no specific laboratory findings associated with cementoblastoma.

Imaging Findings

• Conventional radiograph is the imaging modality of choice for cementoblastoma.
• On conventional radiograph, characteristic findings of cementoblastoma, include:

• Well defined, markedly radiopaque mass,
• Radiolucent peripheral "line", which overlies and obliterates the tooth root.
• There is usually apparent external resorption of the root where the tumor and the root join.
• Severe hypercementosis may be present

• [Imaging study 2] may demonstrate [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

Other Diagnostic Studies

• Cementoblastoma may also be diagnosed using [diagnostic study name].
• Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

Treatment

Medical Therapy

• There is no treatment for cementoblastoma; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.

• The mainstay of therapy for cementoblastoma is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
• [Medical therapy 1] acts by [mechanism of action1].
• Response to [medical therapy 1] can be monitored with [test/physical finding/imaging] every [frequency/duration].

Surgery

• Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for cementoblastoma.
• [Surgical procedure] in conjunction with [chemotherapy/radiation] is the most common approach to the treatment of cementoblastoma.
• [Surgical procedure] can only be performed for patients with [disease stage] cementoblastoma.

Prevention

• There are no primary preventive measures available for cementoblastoma.