Hepatoblastoma natural history

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2] Nawal Muazam M.D.[3]

Overview

Natural History

Complications

Paraneoplastic features of hepatoblastoma are not uncommon at presentation and include:[1]

  • Erythrocytosis
  • Thrombocytosis
  • Hypocalcaemia
  • Isosexual precocious puberty
  • Hypoglycaemia

Prognosis

  • The 5-year survival rate of children with hepatoblastoma is approximately 70%.[2]
  • The table below lists prognosis of hepatoblastma based on staging:[3]
Subtype Description
Stage I
  • Up to 100%
Stage II
  • 75-80%
Stage III
  • 65%
Stage IV
  • 0-27%

Factors that Affect Prognosis (chance of recovery) and Treatment Options

  • The 5-year survival rate of children with hepatoblastoma is approximately 70%.
  • The prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:
  • The stage of the cancer (the size of the tumor
  • Whether it affects part or all of the liver
  • Whether it has spread to other places in the body, such as the lungs).
  • Whether the cancer can be removed completely by surgery.
  • The type of liver cancer (hepatoblastoma or hepatocellular).
  • Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred.
  • Prognosis may also depend on:
  • Certain features of the cancer cell (determined microscopically).
  • Whether the AFP blood levels go down after chemotherapy is initiated.

References

  1. Madabhavi, Irappa; Patel, Apurva; Choudhary, Mukesh; Aagre, Suhas; Revannasiddaiah, Swaroop; Modi, Gaurang; Anand, Asha; Panchal, Harsha; Parikh, Sonia; Raut, Shreeniwas (2014). "Paraneoplastic Recurrent Hypoglycaemic Seizures: An Initial Presentation of Hepatoblastoma in an Adolescent Male—A Rare Entity". Case Reports in Pediatrics. 2014: 1–5. doi:10.1155/2014/104543. ISSN 2090-6803.
  2. Prognosis and Prognostic Factors. National Cancer Institute 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/liver/hp/child-liver-treatment-pdq#link/_570_toc. Accessed on October 28, 2015
  3. Treatment and prognosis of hepatoblastoma. Dr Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/hepatoblastoma. Accessed on November 3, 2015


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