Anal cancer risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]

Overview

Common Risk Factors

Common risk factors associated with anal cancer are:

  • Sexual activity: Having multiple sex partners or having anal sex, due to the increased risk of exposure to the HPV virus.[2]
  • Smoking: Current smokers are several times more likely to develop anal cancer compared with nonsmokers.[2]
  • Being older than 50 years [3]
  • Frequent anal redness, swelling, and soreness [3]
  • Having anal fistulas (abnormal openings) [3]

References

  1. New England Journal of Medicine. 1997 Nov 6;337(19):1350-8
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 American Cancer Society."What Are the Risk Factors for Anal Cancer?"
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/anal/patient/anal-treatment-pdq

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