WBR234

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Author [[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1] (Reviewed by Will Gibson)]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Physiology
Sub Category SubCategory::Renal
Prompt [[Prompt::An experiment to measure the filtration fraction in healthy volunteers is conducted. One sample of the available urine and serum values is shown below. If the urine flow is 2.0 ml/min, what is the best approximate filtration fraction?

]]

Answer A AnswerA::20%
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::One could obtain this number by using the ratio of the serum PAH to serum creatinine. However, this does not reflect any standard physiologic parameter.
Answer B AnswerB::30%
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::According to the calculation, this is an incorrect answer.
Answer C AnswerC::35%
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::According to the calculation, this is an incorrect answer.
Answer D AnswerD::40%
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::According to the calculation, this is a correct answer.
Answer E AnswerE::100%
Answer E Explanation AnswerEExp::This number could be achieved by dividing the renal creatinine concentration by the serum creatinine concentration. However, this measure does not reflect any normal physiologic parameter.
Right Answer RightAnswer::D
Explanation [[Explanation::Despite the presence of several parameters, utilization of only creatinine and PAH is required to calculate the filtration fraction.

Filtration fraction (FF) is calculated by the following equation: FF (%) = (GFR / RPF) x 100

GFR = (UCr x V)/PCr = (100 mg/dL x 2 ml/min ) / (1 mg/dL) = 200 mL/min RPF = (UPAH x V)/PPAH = (50 mg/dL x 2 ml/min ) / (0.2 mg/dL) = 500 mL/min FF (%) = (GFR / RPF) x 100 = (200/500) x 100 = 0.4 x 100 = 40%

Abbreviations:

  • GFR: Glomerular Filtration Rate (mL/min)
  • UCr: Urinary creatinine concentration (mg/mL)
  • V: Volume of urine produced per unit time (mL/min)
  • PCr: Plasma creatinine concentration (mg/mL)
  • RPF: Renal plasma flow
  • UPAH: Urinary Para-aminohippurate (PAH) concentration (mg/mL)
  • PPAH: Plasma Para-aminohippurate (PAH) concentration (mg/mL)
  • FF: Filtration fraction

Educational Objective: The filtration fraction can be calculated by the following formula: FF (%) = (GFR/RPF) x 100
References: First Aid 2015 page 530]]

Approved Approved::Yes
Keyword WBRKeyword::Renal physiology, WBRKeyword::Renal plasma flow, WBRKeyword::Filtration fraction, WBRKeyword::Nephrology, WBRKeyword::Kidney, WBRKeyword::GFR, WBRKeyword::PAH, WBRKeyword::Creatinine
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