Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness. It is caused by an emerging coronavirus, specifically a betacoronavirus called MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus), first discovered in 2012. Being a relatively novel virus, there is no virus-specific prevention or treatment options for MERS patients. Attending to the fact that a vaccine hasn't been developed yet, enhancing infection prevention and control measures is critical to prevent the possible spread of MERS-CoV in hospitals and communities. To date, the mortality rate of MERS-CoV is approximately 30%. Cases have been reported where critically ill patients have developed complications such as: acute renal failure, pericarditis and disseminated intravascular coagulation .[1][2][3][4]
Complications
There have been reported different stages of MERS-CoV infection in the discovered cases. These may range from asymptomatic patients to critically ill patients.[4][5] According to the underlying comorbidities of each patient, along with the evolution of the disease, some complications may develop, involving other organ systems, including:
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Acute kidney injury
- Pericarditis
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Shock
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Drosten C, Seilmaier M, Corman VM, Hartmann W, Scheible G, Sack S; et al. (2013). "Clinical features and virological analysis of a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection". Lancet Infect Dis. 13 (9): 745–51. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70154-3. PMID 23782859.
- ↑ Dyall J, Coleman CM, Hart BJ, Venkataraman T, Holbrook MR, Kindrachuk J; et al. (2014). "Repurposing of clinically developed drugs for treatment of Middle East Respiratory Coronavirus Infection". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.03036-14. PMID 24841273.
- ↑ "Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infections when novel coronavirus is suspected: What to do and what not to do" (PDF).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "MERS Prevention and Treatment".
- ↑ Memish, Ziad A.; Zumla, Alimuddin I.; Assiri, Abdullah (2013). "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections in Health Care Workers". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (9): 884–886. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1308698. ISSN 0028-4793.