Cryptococcosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D., Yazan Daaboul, M.D.
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence on cryptococcosis is hard to establish.
- Among HIV patients in the United States, the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia is approximately 2.9%, indicating that the prevalence of cryptococcal infection may be high enough to consider targeted screening for HIV patients.
Incidence
- Nationally representative estimates for the incidence of cryptococcosis are difficult to establish because cryptococcosis is only reportable in a few states.
- Results from active, population-based surveillance in two US locations in the year 2000 indicated that the annual incidence of cryptococcosis among persons with AIDS was between 2 and 7 cases per 1,000
- The overall incidence is estimated to be 0.4 to 1.3 cases per 100,000 population yearly in the United States.
- C. neoformans is a major cause of illness in people living with HIV/AIDS, with an estimated 1 million cases of cryptococcal meningitis occurring worldwide each year.