Subdural empyema natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

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==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
===Prognostic factors associated with Subdural Empyema===
<ref name="AgrawalTimothy2007">{{cite journal|last1=Agrawal|first1=Amit|last2=Timothy|first2=Jake|last3=Pandit|first3=Lekha|last4=Shetty|first4=Lathika|last5=Shetty|first5=J.P.|title=A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management|journal=Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice|volume=15|issue=3|year=2007|pages=149–153|issn=1056-9103|doi=10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7}}</ref>
{|
| valign=top |
<div style="border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; border-bottom: 0px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #A1BCDD; text-align: center;">
<font color="#FFF">
'''Unfavorable prognostic factors'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table01" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Presenting with encephalopathy or coma'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table02" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Younger than 10 years or elderly'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Late start of antibiotics'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Sterile cultures'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #A1BCDD; text-align: center;">
<font color="#FFF">
'''Favorable prognostic factors'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Craniotomy instead of burr holes as surgical procedure'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Early treatment'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Young age (optimal between 10-20 years)'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Patient presents awake, alert and oriented'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Source of infection: paranasal sinuses'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table03" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 0 0; border: solid 1px #20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Aerobic streptococci isolated in culture'''
</font>
</div>
<div class="mw-customtoggle-table04" style="cursor: pointer; border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px; border: solid 1px#20538D; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); height: 30px; line-height: 30px; width: 385px; background: #4479BA;">
<font color="#FFF">
&nbsp;&nbsp;▸&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Aerobic streptococci as single pathogen'''
</font>
</div>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 06:19, 27 February 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]

Natural History

Complications

Prognosis

Prognostic factors associated with Subdural Empyema

[1]

Unfavorable prognostic factors

  ▸  Presenting with encephalopathy or coma

  ▸  Younger than 10 years or elderly

  ▸  Late start of antibiotics

  ▸  Sterile cultures

Favorable prognostic factors

  ▸  Craniotomy instead of burr holes as surgical procedure

  ▸  Early treatment

  ▸  Young age (optimal between 10-20 years)

  ▸  Patient presents awake, alert and oriented

  ▸  Source of infection: paranasal sinuses

  ▸  Aerobic streptococci isolated in culture

  ▸  Aerobic streptococci as single pathogen

References

  1. ↑ Agrawal, Amit; Timothy, Jake; Pandit, Lekha; Shetty, Lathika; Shetty, J.P. (2007). "A Review of Subdural Empyema and Its Management". Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice. 15 (3): 149–153. doi:10.1097/01.idc.0000269905.67284.c7. ISSN 1056-9103.

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