High triglyceride causes: Difference between revisions
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* These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations | * These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations | ||
* Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. | * Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. | ||
===Metabolic=== | |||
* Diabetes mellitus and [[insulin resistance]] - it is one of the defined components of [[metabolic syndrome]] (along with [[central obesity]], [[hypertension]], and [[hyperglycemia]]) | |||
* Obesity | |||
* | * Hypothyroidism | ||
* | * Nephrotic syndrome, Renal failure | ||
* | ===Drugs=== | ||
* Diuretics (high dose thiazideor chlorthalidone) | |||
* Beta-blockers (high doses) | |||
* Estrogen replacement therapy | |||
* Oral contraceptives (high estrogen ) | |||
* Tamoxifen | |||
* Glucocorticoids | |||
* Oral isotretinoin | |||
* Antiretroviral therapy (protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) | |||
* Atypical antipsychotics | |||
===Miscellaneous=== | |||
* Alcohol | |||
* Pregnancy | |||
* Acute pancreatitis | |||
* High-carbohydrate or high glycemic | |||
*[[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]] - Deficiency of this water soluble [[enzyme]], that hydrolyzes [[triglyceride]]s in [[lipoprotein]]s, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood. | *[[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]] - Deficiency of this water soluble [[enzyme]], that hydrolyzes [[triglyceride]]s in [[lipoprotein]]s, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood. | ||
* [[Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency]] or [[Cholesteryl ester storage disease]] | * [[Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency]] or [[Cholesteryl ester storage disease]] | ||
* [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]] | * [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]] | ||
* Glycogen storage disease type 1 | * Glycogen storage disease type 1 | ||
===Idiopathic (constitutional)=== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 00:29, 3 October 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Causes
Genetics
Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
- Genetic deficiency or dysfunction of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or its cofactor, apo C-II.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia
- Autosomal dominant disorder
- Patients have either isolated triglyceride or LDL-c elevations or both.
- Family history of premature coronary artery disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives
- Family history for elevated triglycerides with or without elevated LDL-c levels.
Familial hypertriglyceridemia
- Autosomal dominant trait
- These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations
- Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease.
Metabolic
- Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance - it is one of the defined components of metabolic syndrome (along with central obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia)
- Obesity
- Hypothyroidism
- Nephrotic syndrome, Renal failure
Drugs
- Diuretics (high dose thiazideor chlorthalidone)
- Beta-blockers (high doses)
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- Oral contraceptives (high estrogen )
- Tamoxifen
- Glucocorticoids
- Oral isotretinoin
- Antiretroviral therapy (protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
- Atypical antipsychotics
Miscellaneous
- Alcohol
- Pregnancy
- Acute pancreatitis
- High-carbohydrate or high glycemic
- Lipoprotein lipase deficiency - Deficiency of this water soluble enzyme, that hydrolyzes triglycerides in lipoproteins, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood.
- Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency or Cholesteryl ester storage disease
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Glycogen storage disease type 1