WFDC2: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2''' - also known as '''Human Epididymis Protein 4'''<ref name="HE4-tumour-marker">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Ledbetter JA, Schummer M, McIntosh M, Drescher C, Urban N, Hellström KE | title = The HE4 (WFDC2) Protein Is a Biomarker for Ovarian Carcinoma | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 63 | issue = 13 | pages = 3695–3700 | date = 2003-07-01 | pmid = 12839961 | url = http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/63/13/3695.full | id =  | accessdate = 2012-11-28 }}</ref> (HE4) - is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''WFDC2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid1686187">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Krull N | title = A major human epididymis-specific cDNA encodes a protein with sequence homology to extracellular proteinase inhibitors | journal = Biol Reprod | volume = 45 | issue = 2 | pages = 350–7 | date = Mar 1992 | pmid = 1686187 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1095/biolreprod45.2.350 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10570965">{{cite journal | vauthors = Schummer M, Ng WV, Bumgarner RE, Nelson PS, Schummer B, Bednarski DW, Hassell L, Baldwin RL, Karlan BY, Hood L | title = Comparative hybridization of an array of 21,500 ovarian cDNAs for the discovery of genes overexpressed in ovarian carcinomas | journal = Gene | volume = 238 | issue = 2 | pages = 375–85 | date = Dec 1999 | pmid = 10570965 | pmc = | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00342-X }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WFDC2 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10406| accessdate = }}</ref>
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
HE4 is a [[tumor marker]] of [[ovarian cancer]], with 80% [[sensitivity and specificity|sensitivity]] at a [[cut-off (reference value)|cut-off]] of 150 pmol/L.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Molina R, Escudero JM, Augé JM, Filella X, Foj L, Torné A, Lejarcegui J, Pahisa J | title = HE4 a novel tumour marker for ovarian cancer: Comparison with CA 125 and ROMA algorithm in patients with gynaecological diseases | journal = Tumor Biology | volume = 32 | issue = 6 | pages = 1087–95 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21863264 | pmc = 3195682 | doi = 10.1007/s13277-011-0204-3 }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = WAP four-disulfide core domain 2
| HGNCid = 15939
| Symbol = WFDC2
| AltSymbols =; HE4; MGC57529; WAP5; dJ461P17.6
| OMIM =
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 4450
| MGIid = 1914951
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_WFDC2_203892_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004867 |text = serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006508 |text = proteolysis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007283 |text = spermatogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 10406
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000101443
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_006094
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_006103
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 20
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 43531760
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 43543586
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q14508
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 67701
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000017723
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_001004550
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_001004550
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 2
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 164253921
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 164259711
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q4FZJ6
  }}
}}
'''WAP four-disulfide core domain 2''', also known as '''WFDC2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WFDC2 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10406| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| summary_text = This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the WFDC domain family. The WFDC domain, or WAP Signature motif, contains eight cysteines forming four disulfide bonds at the core of the protein, and functions as a protease inhibitor in many family members. This gene is expressed in pulmonary epithelial cells, and was also found to be expressed in some ovarian cancers. The encoded protein is a small secretory protein, which may be involved in sperm maturation.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WFDC2 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10406| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the WFDC domain family. The WFDC domain, or WAP Signature motif, contains eight cysteines forming four disulfide bonds at the core of the protein, and functions as a protease inhibitor in many family members. This gene is expressed in pulmonary epithelial cells, and was also found to be expressed in some ovarian cancers.<ref name="HE4-tumour-marker"/> The encoded protein is a small secretory protein, which may be involved in sperm maturation.<ref name="entrez" />
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C | title = Molecular characterization of epididymal proteins | journal = Rev. Reprod. | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 86–95 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9685187 | doi = 10.1530/ror.0.0030086 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C, Osterhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Kirchloff C | title = Cloning and analysis of mRNAs expressed specifically in the human epididymis | journal = Int. J. Androl. | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | pages = 155–67 | year = 1990 | pmid = 1693137 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00972.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kirchhoff C |title=Molecular characterization of epididymal proteins. |journal=Rev. Reprod. |volume=3 |issue= 2 |pages= 86-95 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9685187 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 171–4 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kirchhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Krull N |title=A major human epididymis-specific cDNA encodes a protein with sequence homology to extracellular proteinase inhibitors. |journal=Biol. Reprod. |volume=45 |issue= 2 |pages= 350-7 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1686187 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 149–56 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kirchhoff C, Osterhoff C, Habben I, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and analysis of mRNAs expressed specifically in the human epididymis. |journal=Int. J. Androl. |volume=13 |issue= 2 |pages= 155-67 |year= 1990 |pmid= 1693137 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bingle L, Singleton V, Bingle CD | title = The putative ovarian tumour marker gene HE4 (WFDC2), is expressed in normal tissues and undergoes complex alternative splicing to yield multiple protein isoforms | journal = Oncogene | volume = 21 | issue = 17 | pages = 2768–73 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11965550 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205363 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A | title = A locus on human chromosome 20 contains several genes expressing protease inhibitor domains with homology to whey acidic protein | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 368 | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 233–42 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12206714 | pmc = 1222987 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20020869 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Ledbetter JA, Schummer M, McIntosh M, Drescher C, Urban N, Hellström KE | title = The HE4 (WFDC2) protein is a biomarker for ovarian carcinoma | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 63 | issue = 13 | pages = 3695–700 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12839961 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Schummer M, Ng WV, Bumgarner RE, ''et al.'' |title=Comparative hybridization of an array of 21,500 ovarian cDNAs for the discovery of genes overexpressed in ovarian carcinomas. |journal=Gene |volume=238 |issue= 2 |pages= 375-85 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10570965 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Drapkin R, von Horsten HH, Lin Y, Mok SC, Crum CP, Welch WR, Hecht JL | title = Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 65 | issue = 6 | pages = 2162–9 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15781627 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3924 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. |journal=Nature |volume=414 |issue= 6866 |pages= 865-71 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11780052 |doi= 10.1038/414865a }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A | title = The evolution of a genetic locus encoding small serine proteinase inhibitors | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 333 | issue = 2 | pages = 383–9 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15950183 | pmc = 1939935 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.125 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bingle L, Singleton V, Bingle CD |title=The putative ovarian tumour marker gene HE4 (WFDC2), is expressed in normal tissues and undergoes complex alternative splicing to yield multiple protein isoforms. |journal=Oncogene |volume=21 |issue= 17 |pages= 2768-73 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11965550 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1205363 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bingle L, Cross SS, High AS, Wallace WA, Rassl D, Yuan G, Hellstrom I, Campos MA, Bingle CD | title = WFDC2 (HE4): A potential role in the innate immunity of the oral cavity and respiratory tract and the development of adenocarcinomas of the lung | journal = Respir. Res. | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 61 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16600032 | pmc = 1459147 | doi = 10.1186/1465-9921-7-61 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A |title=A locus on human chromosome 20 contains several genes expressing protease inhibitor domains with homology to whey acidic protein. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=368 |issue= Pt 1 |pages= 233-42 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12206714 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20020869 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, Sondej M, Wong DT, Loo JA | title = Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry | journal = J. Proteome Res. | volume = 5 | issue = 6 | pages = 1493–503 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16740002 | doi = 10.1021/pr050492k }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, ''et al.'' |title=The HE4 (WFDC2) protein is a biomarker for ovarian carcinoma. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=63 |issue= 13 |pages= 3695-700 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12839961 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Drapkin R, von Horsten HH, Lin Y, ''et al.'' |title=Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=65 |issue= 6 |pages= 2162-9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15781627 |doi= 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3924 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A |title=The evolution of a genetic locus encoding small serine proteinase inhibitors. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=333 |issue= 2 |pages= 383-9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15950183 |doi= 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.125 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bingle L, Cross SS, High AS, ''et al.'' |title=WFDC2 (HE4): a potential role in the innate immunity of the oral cavity and respiratory tract and the development of adenocarcinomas of the lung. |journal=Respir. Res. |volume=7 |issue= |pages= 61 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16600032 |doi= 10.1186/1465-9921-7-61 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry. |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=5 |issue= 6 |pages= 1493-503 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16740002 |doi= 10.1021/pr050492k }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Latest revision as of 22:35, 17 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 - also known as Human Epididymis Protein 4[1] (HE4) - is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WFDC2 gene.[2][3][4]

HE4 is a tumor marker of ovarian cancer, with 80% sensitivity at a cut-off of 150 pmol/L.[5]

Function

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the WFDC domain family. The WFDC domain, or WAP Signature motif, contains eight cysteines forming four disulfide bonds at the core of the protein, and functions as a protease inhibitor in many family members. This gene is expressed in pulmonary epithelial cells, and was also found to be expressed in some ovarian cancers.[1] The encoded protein is a small secretory protein, which may be involved in sperm maturation.[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Ledbetter JA, Schummer M, McIntosh M, Drescher C, Urban N, Hellström KE (2003-07-01). "The HE4 (WFDC2) Protein Is a Biomarker for Ovarian Carcinoma". Cancer Research. 63 (13): 3695–3700. PMID 12839961. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  2. ↑ Kirchhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Krull N (Mar 1992). "A major human epididymis-specific cDNA encodes a protein with sequence homology to extracellular proteinase inhibitors". Biol Reprod. 45 (2): 350–7. doi:10.1095/biolreprod45.2.350. PMID 1686187.
  3. ↑ Schummer M, Ng WV, Bumgarner RE, Nelson PS, Schummer B, Bednarski DW, Hassell L, Baldwin RL, Karlan BY, Hood L (Dec 1999). "Comparative hybridization of an array of 21,500 ovarian cDNAs for the discovery of genes overexpressed in ovarian carcinomas". Gene. 238 (2): 375–85. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00342-X. PMID 10570965.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Entrez Gene: WFDC2 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2".
  5. ↑ Molina R, Escudero JM, Augé JM, Filella X, Foj L, Torné A, Lejarcegui J, Pahisa J (2011). "HE4 a novel tumour marker for ovarian cancer: Comparison with CA 125 and ROMA algorithm in patients with gynaecological diseases". Tumor Biology. 32 (6): 1087–95. doi:10.1007/s13277-011-0204-3. PMC 3195682. PMID 21863264.

Further reading


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