Gestational diabetes natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*If GDM is left untreated, | *If GDM is left untreated, serious fetal complications can develop during pregnancy, and progression to overt diabetes can also occur in the long term. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
*Most of women with GDM return to their pre pregnancy glycemic status after delivery. | *Most of women with GDM return to their pre pregnancy glycemic status after delivery. | ||
*Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing overt [[diabetes mellitus]] in the future. Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years. <ref name=AMN>{{cite web | Carla Janzen, MD, Jeffrey S. Greenspoon, MD | title =Gestational Diabetes | publisher=Armenian Medical Network | work =Diabetes Mellitus & Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes | url=http://www.health.am/pregnancymore/diabetes-intrapartum-postpartum-management/ | year = 2006 | accessdate=2007-02-28}}</ref> | *Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing overt [[diabetes mellitus]] in the future. Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years.<ref name=AMN>{{cite web | Carla Janzen, MD, Jeffrey S. Greenspoon, MD | title =Gestational Diabetes | publisher=Armenian Medical Network | work =Diabetes Mellitus & Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes | url=http://www.health.am/pregnancymore/diabetes-intrapartum-postpartum-management/ | year = 2006 | accessdate=2007-02-28}}</ref> | ||
* | *One-third to two-thirds of women will re-experience GDM in subsequent pregnancies.<ref name="pmid20630491">{{cite journal |vauthors=Getahun D, Fassett MJ, Jacobsen SJ |title=Gestational diabetes: risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies |journal=Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. |volume=203 |issue=5 |pages=467.e1–6 |year=2010 |pmid=20630491 |doi=10.1016/j.ajog.2010.05.032 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11315827">{{cite journal |vauthors=MacNeill S, Dodds L, Hamilton DC, Armson BA, VandenHof M |title=Rates and risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=659–62 |year=2001 |pmid=11315827 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Risk factors for recurrence include older age, multiparity, higher maternal weight in the index pregnancy and weight gain between pregnancies.<ref name="pmid8941462">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moses RG |title=The recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=19 |issue=12 |pages=1348–50 |year=1996 |pmid=8941462 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11315827">{{cite journal |vauthors=MacNeill S, Dodds L, Hamilton DC, Armson BA, VandenHof M |title=Rates and risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=659–62 |year=2001 |pmid=11315827 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Risk factors for the recurrence of GDM include older age, multiparity, higher maternal weight in the index pregnancy, and weight gain between pregnancies.<ref name="pmid8941462">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moses RG |title=The recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=19 |issue=12 |pages=1348–50 |year=1996 |pmid=8941462 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11315827">{{cite journal |vauthors=MacNeill S, Dodds L, Hamilton DC, Armson BA, VandenHof M |title=Rates and risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=659–62 |year=2001 |pmid=11315827 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Overview
Most women with GDM will return to their pre-pregnancy glycemic status after delivery, but there is an increased chance of developing overt diabetes or prediabetes during the next 5 years. Recurrent GDM is another subject that physicians should be aware of.
Natural History
- If GDM is left untreated, serious fetal complications can develop during pregnancy, and progression to overt diabetes can also occur in the long term.
Prognosis
- Most of women with GDM return to their pre pregnancy glycemic status after delivery.
- Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing overt diabetes mellitus in the future. Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years.[1]
- One-third to two-thirds of women will re-experience GDM in subsequent pregnancies.[2][3]
- Risk factors for the recurrence of GDM include older age, multiparity, higher maternal weight in the index pregnancy, and weight gain between pregnancies.[4][3]
References
- ↑ "Gestational Diabetes". Diabetes Mellitus & Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes. Armenian Medical Network. 2006. Retrieved 2007-02-28. Text " Carla Janzen, MD, Jeffrey S. Greenspoon, MD " ignored (help)
- ↑ Getahun D, Fassett MJ, Jacobsen SJ (2010). "Gestational diabetes: risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies". Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 203 (5): 467.e1–6. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.05.032. PMID 20630491.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 MacNeill S, Dodds L, Hamilton DC, Armson BA, VandenHof M (2001). "Rates and risk factors for recurrence of gestational diabetes". Diabetes Care. 24 (4): 659–62. PMID 11315827.
- ↑ Moses RG (1996). "The recurrence rate of gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies". Diabetes Care. 19 (12): 1348–50. PMID 8941462.