Actinomycosis history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

History

Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient include the history of:

Type	History
Cervicofacial actinomycosis (Lumpy jaw)	Poor oral hygiene or dental caries Fever, anorexia, weight loss, and Periodontal disease Trauma or dental surgery Malignancy Osteonecrosis (due to bisphosphonates or radiation therapy) Difficulty chewing Painful lump
Thoracic actinomycosis	Fever Anorexia and weight loss Aspiration Shortness of breath A Dry or a productive cough (sometimes blood-streaked sputum) Chest pain
Abdominal actinomycosis	Ingestion of foreign body (fish or chicken bones) Perforated viscus Abdominal surgery Fever, weight loss, and fatigue Abdominal pain and change in bowel habits
Pelvic actinomycosis	IUD (intrauterine device) Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge Lower abdominal discomfort

Symptoms

Symptoms of actinomycosis depend on the site of infection.

Cervicofacial actinomycosis

The symptoms of cervicofacial actinomycosis include:

• Tender swollen lumps on cheeks or neck during initial stages and later become hard and painless.
• Fever
• Difficulty chewing due to stiffness of jaw
• Sinus tracts on the lumps which drain yellow granular material
• Reddish or bluish discoloration of skin over the lump

Thoracic actinomycosis

The symptoms of thoracic actinomycosis include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Sinus tracts which drain yellow granular material

Abdominal actinomycosis

The symptoms of abdominal actinomycosis include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Change in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea)
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Mass or lump in the abdomen
• Sinus tracts which drain yellow granular material

Pelvic actinomycosis The symptoms of pelvic actinomycosis include:

• Mild fever
• Lower abdominal pain
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Mass or lump in the pelvis

References

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