Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MV}} | ||
{{ | |||
{{SK}} Fibrolamellar carcinoma | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma was first described Edmondson in 1956.<ref name="pmid13282629">{{cite journal |vauthors=EDMONDSON HA |title=Differential diagnosis of tumors and tumor-like lesions of liver in infancy and childhood |journal=AMA J Dis Child |volume=91 |issue=2 |pages=168–86 |year=1956 |pmid=13282629 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: | ||
:*[group1] | :*[group1] | ||
:*[group2] | :*[group2] | ||
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
* | * Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may be caused by either [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3]. | ||
* | * Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is caused by a mutation in the [gene1], [gene2], or [gene3] gene[s]. | ||
* There are no established causes for [disease name]. | * There are no established causes for [disease name]. | ||
==Differentiating [disease name] from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating [disease name] from other Diseases== | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as: | ||
:*[Differential dx1] | :*[Differential dx1] | ||
:*[Differential dx2] | :*[Differential dx2] | ||
| Line 44: | Line 39: | ||
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name]. | *Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name]. | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is more commonly observed among patients aged [age range] years old. | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is more commonly observed among [elderly patients/young patients/children]. | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma affects men and women equally. | ||
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected with [disease name] than [gender 2]. | *[Gender 1] are more commonly affected with [disease name] than [gender 2]. | ||
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*There is no racial predilection for [disease name]. | *There is no racial predilection for [disease name]. | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. | ||
*[Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name]. | *[Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name]. | ||
| Line 78: | Line 73: | ||
=== Symptoms === | === Symptoms === | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is usually asymptomatic. | ||
*Symptoms of [disease name] may include the following: | *Symptoms of [disease name] may include the following: | ||
:*[symptom 1] | :*[symptom 1] | ||
| Line 112: | Line 107: | ||
=== Other Diagnostic Studies === | === Other Diagnostic Studies === | ||
* | *Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may also be diagnosed using [diagnostic study name]. | ||
*Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3]. | *Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3]. | ||
| Line 133: | Line 128: | ||
*Effective measures for the primary prevention of [disease name] include [measure1], [measure2], and [measure3]. | *Effective measures for the primary prevention of [disease name] include [measure1], [measure2], and [measure3]. | ||
*Once diagnosed and successfully treated, patients with [disease name] are followed-up every [duration]. Follow-up testing includes [test 1], [test 2], and [test 3]. | *Once diagnosed and successfully treated, patients with [disease name] are followed-up every [duration]. Follow-up testing includes [test 1], [test 2], and [test 3]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category: Oncology]] | ||
Revision as of 15:59, 15 April 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Fibrolamellar carcinoma
Historical Perspective
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma was first described Edmondson in 1956.[1]
Classification
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:
- [group1]
- [group2]
- [group3]
- Other variants of [disease name] include [disease subtype 1], [disease subtype 2], and [disease subtype 3].
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of [disease name] is characterized by [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3].
- The [gene name] gene/Mutation in [gene name] has been associated with the development of [disease name], involving the [molecular pathway] pathway.
- On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Causes
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may be caused by either [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is caused by a mutation in the [gene1], [gene2], or [gene3] gene[s].
- There are no established causes for [disease name].
Differentiating [disease name] from other Diseases
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as:
- [Differential dx1]
- [Differential dx2]
- [Differential dx3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
- The prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In [year], the incidence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number or range] cases per 100,000 individuals in [location].
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is more commonly observed among patients aged [age range] years old.
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is more commonly observed among [elderly patients/young patients/children].
Gender
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma affects men and women equally.
- [Gender 1] are more commonly affected with [disease name] than [gender 2].
- The [gender 1] to [Gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
Race
- There is no racial predilection for [disease name].
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race.
- [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
- The majority of patients with [disease name] remain asymptomatic for [duration/years].
- Early clinical features include [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
- If left untreated, [#%] of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
- Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
- Prognosis is generally [excellent/good/poor], and the [1/5/10year mortality/survival rate] of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#%].
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met:
- [criterion 1]
- [criterion 2]
- [criterion 3]
- [criterion 4]
Symptoms
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is usually asymptomatic.
- Symptoms of [disease name] may include the following:
- [symptom 1]
- [symptom 2]
- [symptom 3]
- [symptom 4]
- [symptom 5]
- [symptom 6]
Physical Examination
- Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance].
- Physical examination may be remarkable for:
- [finding 1]
- [finding 2]
- [finding 3]
- [finding 4]
- [finding 5]
- [finding 6]
Laboratory Findings
- There are no specific laboratory findings associated with [disease name].
- A [positive/negative] [test name] is diagnostic of [disease name].
- An [elevated/reduced] concentration of [serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other] [lab test] is diagnostic of [disease name].
- Other laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [disease name] include [abnormal test 1], [abnormal test 2], and [abnormal test 3].
Imaging Findings
- There are no [imaging study] findings associated with [disease name].
- [Imaging study 1] is the imaging modality of choice for [disease name].
- On [imaging study 1], [disease name] is characterized by [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
- [Imaging study 2] may demonstrate [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma may also be diagnosed using [diagnostic study name].
- Findings on [diagnostic study name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Treatment
Medical Therapy
- There is no treatment for [disease name]; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.
- The mainstay of therapy for [disease name] is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
- [Medical therapy 1] acts by [mechanism of action1].
- Response to [medical therapy 1] can be monitored with [test/physical finding/imaging] every [frequency/duration].
Surgery
- Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for [disease name].
- [Surgical procedure] in conjunction with [chemotherapy/radiation] is the most common approach to the treatment of [disease name].
- [Surgical procedure] can only be performed for patients with [disease stage] [disease name].
Prevention
- There are no primary preventive measures available for [disease name].
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of [disease name] include [measure1], [measure2], and [measure3].
- Once diagnosed and successfully treated, patients with [disease name] are followed-up every [duration]. Follow-up testing includes [test 1], [test 2], and [test 3].