Zika virus infection (patient information): Difference between revisions

	Zika virus infection
Overview
What are the symptoms?
What are the causes?
Diagnosis
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?
Does Zika virus infection cause Guillan-Barre syndrome?
Prevention
Travel Notice
Zika virus infection On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Zika virus infection
Videos on Zika virus infection
FDA on Zika virus infection
CDC on Zika virus infection
Zika virus infection in the news
Blogs on Zika virus infection
Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection
Risk calculators and risk factors for Zika virus infection

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Revision as of 14:47, 4 January 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Zika virus causees an illness in humans called Zika virus infection (also known as Zika fever). Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the Aedes mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.
Zika virus is very contagious.
It was once thought that Zika virus infection is rare. New observations have shown that the initial estimates of the frequency of the disease has been underestimated in the past.
Zika virus is thought to be responsible for serious complications in newborns characterized by incomplete brain development (microcephaly).

What are the symptoms of Zika virus infection?

you can become infected with Zika virus more than once and show symptoms many times. Symptoms usually occur within hours or a few days after you are infected with Zika virus. It usually takes a couple of days (usually up to a week) before you are better. Symptoms of Zika virus infection include:

What causes Zika virus infection?

The virus that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in developing countries and is usually implicated outbreaks after people travel to endemic areas. Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the Aedes mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.

Diagnosis

Your health care provider can use laboratory tests to diagnose Zika virus infection. The symptoms of Zika virus resemble symptoms of other viral infections, and making a diagnosis without laboratory testing is usually difficult.

Treatment options

The best treatments for Zika virus infection are to get plenty of bed rest and drink lots of fluids. If Zika virus infection is suspected, do not take medications without asking your doctor. Ask your doctor if you can take medications to drop your temperature or to alleviate your pain, some over-the-counter medications may be harmful for you. Since Zika virus infection is a viral infection, antibiotics have no effect. Antiviral drugs are not recommended for Zika virus infection since the majority of infected persons will improve without treatment.

Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection

Prevention

There are no vaccines available to prevent Zika virus infection. Since the virus is usually transmitted through mosquitoes, effective measures to avoid mosquito bites include using insect repellent, installing mosquito bed nets and window/door screens, wearing long sleeves and long pants, and removing potential breeding sites from indoor/outdoor premises. Once infected, persons may be re-infected in the future.

Sources

Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases virus/Pages/Default.aspx

Template:WS Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.

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 ==Overview==
-Noroviruses, including Norwalk, Snow Mountain, and Hawaii viruses, cause an illness in humans called [[gastroenteritis]]. Gastroenteritis is an [[inflammation]] of the [[stomach]] and [[intestine]]s. Sometimes misnamed "stomach flu," gastroenteritis is not related to flu (influenza), a respiratory illness caused by [[influenza virus]].
+*Zika virus causees an illness in humans called [[Zika virus infection]] (also known as Zika fever). Gastroenteritis is an [[inflammation]] of the [[stomach]] and [[intestine]]s.
+*Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the ''Aedes'' mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.
+*Zika virus is very [[contagious]].
+*It was once thought that Zika virus infection is rare. New observations have shown that the initial estimates of the frequency of the disease has been underestimated in the past.
+*Zika virus is thought to be responsible for serious complications in newborns characterized by incomplete brain development (microcephaly).
-Noroviruses are very [[contagious]]. They usually are found in [[contamination|contaminated]] food or drinks, but they also can live on surfaces or be spread through contact with an infected person. Each year in the United States, 23 million norovirus infections result in an estimated 50,000 hospitalizations and 310 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
+==What are the symptoms of Zika virus infection?==
+you can become infected with Zika virus more than once and show [[symptom]]s many times. Symptoms usually occur within hours or a few days after you are infected with Zika virus. It usually takes a couple of days (usually up to a week) before you are better. Symptoms of Zika virus infection include:
-==What are the symptoms of Norovirus infection?==
+*[[Fever]]
-Because there are so many types of noroviruses, you can become infected and show [[symptom]]s many times. Symptoms usually develop within hours or a few days after you are infected with a norovirus. It usually takes a couple of days before you are better. Symptoms of [[gastroenteritis]] caused by noroviruses can include:
+*[[Rash]]
+*[[Loss of appetite]]
-*[[Nausea]]
+*[[Joint aches]] and/or [[muscle aches]]
-*[[Abdominal cramps]]
 *[[Vomiting]]
-*[[Diarrhea]]
+*[[Diarrhea]] or [[constipation]]
-*[[Headache]]
+*[[Back aches]]
 *[[Fatigue]]
-*[[Fever]]
+*[[Red eye]] (conjunctivitis) and [[eye pain]]
 *[[Muscle aches]]
-==What causes Norovirus infection?==
+==What causes Zika virus infection?==
-The main viruses that cause [[gastroenteritis]] used to be called "Norwalk-like viruses" because Norwalk is the most well-known virus in this group. Now the viruses are referred to as noroviruses. Noroviruses are not new, but interest in them is growing as researchers learn how frequently they make people sick. Norovirus [[infection]]s are implicated in newsworthy descriptions of outbreaks on military and cruise ships and in hotels, restaurants, daycare centers, nursing homes, and hospitals. [[Decontamination]] of these places has proved to be challenging. Noroviruses are not related to [[bacteria]] or [[parasite]]s that also can cause [[gastrointestinal]] illnesses.
+The virus that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in developing countries and is usually implicated outbreaks after people travel to endemic areas. Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the ''Aedes'' mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion.
 ==Diagnosis==
-Your [[health care provider]] can use laboratory tests to diagnose norovirus infection, but these tests are not used routinely. Usually, your healthcare provider will diagnose it by examining you and noting your symptoms.
+Your [[health care provider]] can use laboratory tests to diagnose Zika virus infection. The symptoms of Zika virus resemble symptoms of other viral infections, and making a diagnosis without laboratory testing is usually difficult.
 ==Treatment options==
-The best treatments for norovirus infection are to get plenty of bed rest and drink lots of fluids. To prevent [[dehydration]] (severe loss of body fluids), your healthcare provider may give you specific instructions about the type of fluids you should drink. You should not take [[antibiotics]] for norovirus infection because they have no effect on viruses. If your infant or child has [[diarrhea]], you should contact a healthcare provider immediately for treatment advice.
+The best treatments for Zika virus infection are to get plenty of bed rest and drink lots of fluids. If Zika virus infection is suspected, do not take medications without asking your doctor. Ask your doctor if you can take medications to drop your temperature or to alleviate your pain, some over-the-counter medications may be harmful for you. Since Zika virus infection is a viral infection, [[antibiotics]] have no effect. Antiviral drugs are not recommended for Zika virus infection since the majority of infected persons will improve without treatment.
+==Where to find medical care for Zika virus infection?==
-==Where to find medical care for Norovirus infection?==
+[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Condition}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Zika virus infection]
-[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Condition}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Norovirus infection]
 ==Prevention==
-To prevent norovirus you should:
+There are no vaccines available to prevent Zika virus infection.
-*Wash your hands with soap and water frequently. This is especially important for food handlers and caregivers.
+Since the virus is usually transmitted through mosquitoes, effective measures to avoid mosquito bites include using insect repellent, installing mosquito bed nets and window/door screens, wearing long sleeves and long pants, and removing potential breeding sites from indoor/outdoor premises. Once infected, persons may be re-infected in the future.
-*Prepare fresh and frozen foods safely, including thoroughly washing fresh produce.
-*Disinfect [[contamination|contaminated]] surfaces in your kitchen and bathrooms with household chlorine bleach-based cleaners to kill viruses resting on surfaces.
-*Wash contaminated clothing, diapers, sheets, and towels promptly in hot water (above 140ºF) and/or with bleach.
-*Choose wisely when eating or drinking outside your home. If you aren't sure whether the food or water is safe, avoid it.
-In addition, you should not prepare food for others if you have norovirus infection. Currently, there is no [[vaccine]] to protect you from norovirus [[infection]]s.
 ==Sources==
-* Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/norovirus/Pages/Default.aspx]
+* Courtesy: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/zika virus/Pages/Default.aspx]
 [[Category:Patient information]]