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* Content


'''Aluminium chlorohydrate''' is a group of [[salt]]s having the general formula [[Aluminium|Al]]<sub>n</sub>[[Chloride|Cl]]<sub>(3n-m)</sub>([[Hydroxide|OH]])<sub>m</sub>. It is used in [[deodorant]]s and [[antiperspirant]]s and as a [[flocculation|flocculant]] in [[water purification]].
<!--Adult Indications and Dosage-->


In water purification, where it is usually called ''polyaluminium chloride'', this compound is preferred in some cases because the [[PH|pH value]] can be varied according to the exact values chosen for the subscripts <sub>n</sub> and <sub>m</sub> in the pattern formula.  Although many variations are used, an especially important combination is Al<sub>12</sub>Cl<sub>12</sub>(OH)<sub>24</sub>. The actual pH correlates to the formula m/(3n).
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)-->
|fdaLIADAdult======Condition1=====


==Structure==
* Dosing Information
Aluminium chlorohydrate is best described as an inorganic polymer and as such is difficult to structurally characterise. However, techniques such as [[Gel permeation chromatography]], [[X-ray crystallography]] and <sup>27</sup>Al-NMR have been used in research by various groups including that of Nazar <ref>{{cite journal | title=Speciation and Thermal Transformation in Alumina Sols: Structures of the Polyhydroxyoxoaluminum Cluster [Al30O8(OH)56(H2O)26]18+ and Its d-Keggin Moiety | author=L.C. Rowsell and L.F. Nazar  | work=J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2000), 122(15), 3777 }}</ref> and Laden
<ref>{{cite book | title=Antiperspirants and Deodorants (Cosmetic Science & Technology) | author=Karl Laden and Carl B. Felger}}</ref> to show that the material is based on Al<sub>13</sub> units with a [[Keggin structure|Keggin ion]] structure and that this base unit then undergoes complex transformations to form larger poly-aluminium complexes.


==Synthesis==
:* Dosage
Aluminum Chlorohydrate can be commercially manufactured by reacting aluminum with [[hydrochloric acid]]. A number of aluminum-containing raw materials can be used, including [[aluminum]] [[metal]], [[alumina trihydrate]], [[aluminum chloride]], [[aluminum sulfate]] and combinations of these. The products can contain by-product salts, such as [[sodium chloride|sodium]]/[[calcium chloride|calcium]]/[[magnesium chloride|magnesium]] [[chloride]] or [[sulfate]]<ref> {{Citation  | last =  | first =  | author-link =  | last2 =  | first2 =  | author2-link =  | title = Liquid Polyaluminum Chloride  | place=  | publisher = [[American Water Works Association]]  | year = 1993  | location =  | volume =  | edition = B408-93  | url =  | doi = | id =  }}</ref>.


==Uses==
=====Condition2=====
The variation most commonly used in deodorants and antiperspirants is Al<sub>2</sub>Cl(OH)<sub>5</sub>.  There is no scientific evidence supporting widespread rumors that aluminum salts in deodorants can cause [[Alzheimer's disease]] or [[breast cancer]].
Amongst others, research published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute<ref>{{cite web | url=http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/94/20/1578 | title=Antiperspirant Use and the Risk of Breast Cancer | author=Dana K. Mirick, Scott Davis, David B. Thomas  | year=October 16, 2002 | work=Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 94, No. 20, 1578-1580 | accessdate=2007-05-10 }}</ref> found no evidence whatsoever that these compounds increase the risk of breast cancer. However, aluminium is a neurotoxin that alters the function of the blood-brain barrier<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2671833&dopt=Citation</ref>, and it is one of the few abundant elements that appears to have no beneficial function to living cells.


====Synonyms====
* Dosing Information
*aluminium hydroxychloride
*aluminium chlorhydroxide
*aluminium chloride basic
*polyaluminium chloride (or polyaluminum chloride)


== See also ==
:* Dosage
[[Aluminium chloride]]
<br>
Aluminium chlorohydrate


==References==
=====Condition3=====
<div class="references-small">
<!--See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref(erences/)> tags-->
<references/>
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<!--
* 1; L.C. Rowsell and L.F. Nazar, Speciation and Thermal Transformation in Alumina Sols: Structures of the Polyhydroxyoxoaluminum Cluster [Al30O8(OH)56(H2O)26]18+ and Its d-Keggin Moiety,  ''J. Am. Chem. Soc.''  (2000), '''122(15)''', 3777.
* 2: Antiperspirants and Deodorants (Cosmetic Science & Technology) by Karl Laden and Carl B. Felger
-->


==External links==
* Dosing Information
* {{ATC|D09|AA08}}, {{ATC|M05|BX02}}


{{Medicated dressings}}
:* Dosage
{{Drugs for treatment of bone diseases}}
[[Category:Aluminium compounds]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]


[[ar:كلوروهيدرات ألمنيوم]]
=====Condition4=====
[[de:Aluminiumchlorohydrat]]


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Revision as of 21:35, 21 January 2015

Aluminium chlorohydrate
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];

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Black Box Warning

ConditionName:
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
ConditionName:
  • Content

Overview

Aluminium chlorohydrate is a {{{drugClass}}} that is FDA approved for the {{{indicationType}}} of {{{indication}}}. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include .

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition3
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition4
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  • Dosage

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in pediatric patients.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Developed by:
  • Class of Recommendation:
  • Strength of Evidence:
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Condition1
  • Dosing Information
  • Dosage
Condition2

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • Condition1

Warnings

ConditionName:
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
ConditionName:
  • Content
  • Description

Precautions

  • Description

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Body as a Whole
Cardiovascular
Digestive
Endocrine
Hematologic and Lymphatic
Metabolic and Nutritional
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Respiratory
Skin and Hypersensitivy Reactions
Special Senses
Urogenital
Miscellaneous

Drug Interactions

  • Drug
  • Description

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA):

  • Pregnancy Category


Pregnancy Category (AUS):

  • Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Aluminium chlorohydrate in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Aluminium chlorohydrate during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate with respect to nursing mothers.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate with respect to pediatric patients.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Aluminium chlorohydrate in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Oral
  • Intravenous

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

  • Description

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Overdosage

Acute Overdose

Signs and Symptoms

  • Description

Management

  • Description

Chronic Overdose

There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Aluminium chlorohydrate Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

Structure

File:Aluminium chlorohydrate01.png
This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

How Supplied

Storage

There is limited information regarding Aluminium chlorohydrate Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Aluminium chlorohydrate |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Aluminium chlorohydrate |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Aluminium chlorohydrate in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Aluminium chlorohydrate interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

  1. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  2. ↑ "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)

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