Epidural hematoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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===Pathogenesis===
===Pathogenesis===
*It is understood that epidural hematoma is caused by either , [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
* Epidural hematoma is the result of the bleeding within the epidural space, which lies between dura mater and skull bone.
 
* The main cause of epidural hematoma is typically head injury that results in a break of the temporal bone and bleeding from the middle meningeal artery in the epidural space.
* epidural hematoma is the result of the bleeding within the epidural space, which lies between dura mater and skull bone.
* Because the bleeding is caused by arterial rupture, it has a high tendency to progress and it causes a hematoa in epidural space.
*  
* Progression of bleeding may expand the hematoma and cause increasing of intracranial pressure and it may lead to brain herniation.
*  
* Occasionally epidural hematoma may occur as a result of a bleeding disorder or blood vessel malformation or after CNS surgery and sometimes is may occur spontaneously.
*  
* .


==Genetics==
==Genetics==
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==Microscopic Pathology==
==Microscopic Pathology==
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].


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==Overview==
==Overview==
==Pathophysiology==
'''Epidural hematoma''' is when bleeding occurs between the tough outer membrane covering the brain (dura mater), and the skull. Often there is loss of consciousness following a head injury, a brief regaining of consciousness, and then loss of consciousness again. Other symptoms may include headache, confusion, vomiting, and an inability to move parts of the body. Complications may include seizures.
The cause is typically head injury that results in a break of the temporal bone and bleeding from the middle meningeal artery. Occasionally it can occur as a result of a bleeding disorder or blood vessel malformation. Diagnosis is typically by a CT scan or MRI. When this condition occurs in the spine it is known as a spinal epidural hematoma.
Epidural hematoma commonly results from a blow to the side of the head and is frequently caused by a fracture that passes through an arterial channel in the [[bone]], most commonly a break in [[temporal bone]] interrupting [[middle meningeal artery]], a branch of the [[external carotid]].<ref name="Shepherd">Shepherd S. 2004. [http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2820.htm "Head Trauma."] Emedicine.com. Retrieved on February 6, 2007.</ref>  Thus only 20 to 30% of epidural hematomas occur outside the region of the temporal bone.<ref>Graham DI and Gennareli TA.  Chapter 5, "Pathology of Brain Damage After Head Injury"  Cooper P and Golfinos G.  2000.  Head Injury, 4th Ed. Morgan Hill, New York.</ref>
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 13:43, 30 May 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

Pathophysiology

Pathogenesis

  • Epidural hematoma is the result of the bleeding within the epidural space, which lies between dura mater and skull bone.
  • The main cause of epidural hematoma is typically head injury that results in a break of the temporal bone and bleeding from the middle meningeal artery in the epidural space.
  • Because the bleeding is caused by arterial rupture, it has a high tendency to progress and it causes a hematoa in epidural space.
  • Progression of bleeding may expand the hematoma and cause increasing of intracranial pressure and it may lead to brain herniation.
  • Occasionally epidural hematoma may occur as a result of a bleeding disorder or blood vessel malformation or after CNS surgery and sometimes is may occur spontaneously.

Genetics

  • The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.

Associated Conditions

Gross Pathology

  • On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

Microscopic Pathology

  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].


Epidural hematoma Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Epidural hematoma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Epidural hematoma pathophysiology On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Epidural hematoma pathophysiology

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Epidural hematoma pathophysiology

CDC on Epidural hematoma pathophysiology

Epidural hematoma pathophysiology in the news

Blogs on Epidural hematoma pathophysiology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Epidural hematoma pathophysiology

Overview

References

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